Extraction of Fish Oil by Fractionation through Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Abstract

In the present research, the solubility of fish oil in supercritical carbon dioxide was studied at temperatures of (40, 50, 60, and 70) °C and pressures of (13.6, 20.4, and 27.2) MPa. The fractionated fish oil samples collected were then esterified using methanol (with sodium methoxide catalyst). The samples were analyzed by GC to determine the amount of four fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) components extracted, namely, methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, methyl EPA (5,8,11,14, and methyl DHA (4,7,10,13,16,19docosahexenoate). The experimental results showed that the highest solubility of the fish oil (0.921 g of oil/100 g of CO 2 ) was obtained at optimum conditions of 40 °C and 27.2 MPa. The solubility of fish oil in supercritical carbon dioxide was found to be higher at lower temperature and at lower fractionation time. Furthermore, the average yield obtained for the combined total of the four FAME components was 66 %. Methyl palmitate recorded the highest value of 30.5 % at extraction conditions of 50 °C and 13.6 MPa. Methyl EPA has the lowest value of 3.24 %.

Extraction and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds with Health Benefits from Marine Resources: Macro and Micro Algae, Cyanobacteria, and Invertebrates

“…The fractionated samples were converted to methyl esters by chemical esterifi cation with methanol. The maximum solubility was achieved at 40°C and 272 bar (Davarnejad et al 2008 ) .…”

“…Higher pressure (150 bar) and fl ow rates (5 kg/h) resulted in a higher EPA and DHA concentration and decreased the EPA/DHA ratio (Perretti et al 2007 ) . Moreover, Davarnejad et al ( 2008 ) studied the solubility of menhaden fi sh oil in SC-CO 2 at temperatures from 40°C to 70°C and pressures of between 136 and 272 bar. The fractionated samples were converted to methyl esters by chemical esterifi cation with methanol.…”

Supercritical Extraction of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Liver Oil as a New Source of Squalene

“…The operational conditions were chosen considering that fish oil is thermally degradable [17] and that Rubio-Rodríguez et al [14] showed that higher yields of oil from fish by-products were achieved at 250 bar and 40°C. So, in this case, the CLO supercritical extraction was carried out at 250 bar, and the effect of different temperatures on the extraction yield was studied at 50, 60, and 70°C.…”

Gas Chromatography Application in Supercritical Fluid Extraction Process

“…Unsaturated fatty acids from fish oil, mostly processed as esters, is a subject investigated heavily in recent years (Davarnejad et al, 2008). Fig.…”