Extraction of Manganese and Iron from a Refractory Coarse Manganese Concentrate

Abstract

In this research, the coarse manganese concentrate was collected from a manganese ore concentrator in Tongren of China, and the contents of manganese and iron in coarse manganese concentrate were 28.63% and 18.65%, respectively. The majority of the minerals in coarse manganese concentrate occur in rhodochrosite, limonite, quartz, olivine, etc. Calcium chloride, calcium hypochlorite, coke, and coarse manganese concentrate were placed in a roasting furnace to conduct segregation roasting, which resulted in a partial chlorination reaction of iron to produce FeCl3, ferric chloride reduced to metallic iron and adsorbed onto the coke, and rhodochrosite broken down into manganese oxide. Iron was extracted from the roasted ore using low-intensity magnetic separation, and manganese was further extracted from the low-intensity magnetic separation tailings by high-intensity magnetic separation. The test results showed that iron concentrate with an iron grade of 78.63% and iron recovery of 83.60%, and manganese concentrate with a manganese grade of 54.04% and manganese recovery of 94.82% were obtained under the following optimal conditions: roasting temperature of 1273 K, roasting time of 60 min, calcium chloride dosage of 10%, calcium hypochlorite dosage of 5%, coke dosage of 10%, coke size of −1 mm, grinding fineness of −0.06 mm occupying 90%, low-intensity magnetic field intensity of 0.14 T, and high-intensity magnetic field intensity of 0.65 T. Most minerals in the iron concentrate were Fe, Fe3O4, and a small amount of SiO2 and CaSiO3; the main minerals in the manganese were MnO, and a small amount of Fe3O4, SiO2, and CaSiO3. The thermodynamic calculation results are in good agreement with the test results.

Effective Extraction of Vanadium from Bauxite-Type Vanadium Ore Using Roasting and Leaching

“…When the roasting time is too short, the reaction between H 2 SO 4 and vanadium ore is insufficient, and the valence conversion rate of vanadium is very low. However, when the roasting time is too long, the energy consumption increases and the production efficiency decreases [25,26]. The influence of roasting time was investigated at a roasting temperature of 523 K, H 2 SO 4 dosage of 30 wt.%, and particle size of <0.150 mm.…”

Oxide Metamorphic Manganese Ores: An Experimental Results of Heat Treatment

“…The shortage of high-grade manganese ores is due to the constant demand for them. Therefore, the focus is shifting to the development of cost-effective technologies for utilization of medium and low-grade manganese ores [2,3]. The Central Kazakhstan region 2 contains numerous medium-grade manganese deposits, with an average Mn content ranging from 15% to 40%.…”

Excellent photocatalytic and antibacterial performance of silver and cobalt doped MnO nanoparticles

“…Due to the chemical stability, porous structure, large surface area, and minimal photo-corrosion, metal-nanoparticles exhibit good photo catalytic activity which increases the rate and efficiency of photo degradation [4,5]. Manganese is the fifth most abundant metal in Earth's crust having the common forms of pyrolusite (manganese dioxide) and rhodochrosite (manganese carbonate) [6]. The composites of manganese oxide (MnO, MnO 2 and Mn 3 O 4 ) show excellent electrochemical activities, photocatalytic abilities, and cost effectiveness.…”