Extraction of nickel using a green emulsion liquid membrane – Process intensification, parameter optimization and artificial neural network modeling

Removal of High Concentrations of Arsenite from Aqueous Solutions by the Emulsion Liquid Membrane Technique

“…With a further increase in the arsenic concentration, a decrease in the arsenic extraction efficiency can be observed. Arsenic ions rapidly saturated the interfacial area between the membrane and feed phases, leading to a slow permeation, creating mass transfer resistance and thus reducing extraction efficiency [26,66] . Therefore, the optimal removal efficiency of arsenic ions was obtained as 84 % for 50 mg/l of the initial concentration of these ions in the feed phase.…”

“…studied the extraction of nickel using the green emulsion liquid membrane and waste cooking oil as a diluent. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum extraction of nickel ions reached 98.7 % [26] . Srivastava et al.…”

“…Under the optimum conditions, the maximum extraction of nickel ions reached 98.7 %. [26] Srivastava et al considered the comparative extraction of As(V) ions from an aqueous solution using two extractants of Aliquat 336 and 2ethylhexanol. Their results showed that 2-ethylhexanol acts as a better extractant, and the separation efficiency was obtained as 87.5 %.…”

“…However, some of these conventional methods suffer from different drawbacks such as low mass transfer, expensive equipment, less efficiency and solvent loss. [19][20][21] In recent years, the emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) separation process has been known as one of the more attractive separation systems due to the several advantages in comparison with solvent extraction and solid membranes, such as large surface area, [22] high selectivity, [23] simultaneous extraction and stripping in one step, [24][25][26] low cost, [24] and ability to remove various elements and compounds in a short time with high extraction efficiency. [24][25] More importantly, this technique is efficient for the extraction of low solute concentrations.…”

“…[24,29] In fact, the aim of this process is to transfer the solute from the external phase to the internal phase through the emulsion membrane and react with the internal phase in such a way that it is not possible for the solute to return to the external phase. [30] Different studies have indicated the applicability of the emulsion liquid membranes in the removal of metals, [26,[31][32] and some others studied the effect of various parameters such as mean droplet size of the liquid membranes, [33] different stirring speeds [34][35] and type of surfactant and internal phase [36] on the solute separation efficiency. Kargari et al focused on using the emulsion liquid membrane to extract Au(III) ions from an aqueous solution.…”