Extraction of organic compounds from airborne particulate matter

Abstract

The extraction of organic compounds from airborne particulate matter, obtained by glass fiber filtration, has been studied with different solvents and has been followed as a function of time.For many compounds, almost quantitative extraction was obtained after 8h. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polar compounds often yielded higher extraction efficiencies with methanol than with benzene.The gas chromatographic mass spectrometric determination of these compounds is somewhat simplified by a separation of the sample into neutral, acidic and basic fractions.The efficiency of this procedure was tested on a mixture of compounds representative for the actual aerosol composition. It was concluded that the basic fraction yielded poor results.The techniques for these measurements included quantitative gas chromatography with electronic integration for standard mixtures and quantitative mass chromatography for natural sample extracts.

Determination of Particulate and Unburned Hydrocarbon Emissions from Diesel Engines Fueled with Biodiesel

“…This method requires that the weighed sample be extracted with a solvent and results in the separation of the sample into the soluble organic fraction include its extraction eflBciency, purity, volatility, toxicity, cost, and compatibility with subsequent analytical procedures [33,34,35].…”

“…Benzene and methanol are more effective solvents for extraction of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) than other commonly used solvents [33,34]. Polar solvents, such as methanol and methylene chloride are known to be more efficient extraction solvents for polar species than non-polar solvents, such as benzene and cyclohexane.…”

The Association between Asthma and Allergic Symptoms in Children and Phthalates in House Dust: A Nested Case–Control Study

“…They were first identified in outdoor urban air (Cautreels and Van Cauwenberghe 1976a, 1976b) and subsequently have been recognized as global pollutants (Atlas and Giam 1981; Giam et al 1978) and major constituents of indoor air (Weschler 1980, 1984). Their presence in outdoor and indoor environments reflects their large emission rates coupled with moderate atmospheric lifetimes.…”

Profiles of Organic Particulate Emissions from Air Pollution Sources: Status and Needs for Receptor Source Apportionment Modeling

“…Similar results have been reported for diesel exhaust 30 and ambient particulate matter. 47 Several investigators 48 - 49 have reported that ultra-sonication gives higher recoveries of PAH than does Soxhlet extraction. Losses of compounds through volatilization can also occur during solvent reduction steps.…”