Extraction of Phenol and Antioxidant Compounds from Kepok Banana Skin with PEF Pre-Treatment

Abstract

Kepok banana (Musa parasidiaca L) consumption produce banana skin waste that is only used as animal feed and house waste. Kepok banana peel contains phenol and antioxidants of 12.35% and other compounds. These compounds can be extracted using maceration methods. A pre-treatment process is needed to increase phenol compounds and antioxidants using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF). The advantage of using PEF pre-treatment is that it can break down the cell membrane with the electric shock without using high temperatures. The purpose of this study is to increase the total phenol using PEF pre-treatment to obtain optimal result. PEF pre-treatment varied by electricity field strength and PEF time, where the electric field strength used was 2, 3, and 4 kv/cm and the duration of time used was 2, 3, and 4 minutes. The method used for testing the total phenol content is the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the method used for testing antioxidant activity is the DPPH (1,1-dyphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. In the study, the best value of the total phenol content was in the electric field strength variation of 4 kv/cm for 2 minutes, which was 1.664 ± 0.226 mg GAE/mg dry extract. Whereas the best value on the antioxidant activity test on Kepok banana peel is on 4 kv/cm for 4 minutes, which was 13.086 ± 4.547 mg/ml.

Recent advances in combined Avant-garde technologies (thermal-thermal, non-thermal-non-thermal, and thermal-non-thermal matrix) to extract polyphenols from agro byproducts

“…The authors stated that using PEF increased TPC in extracts from CBS and coffee silver skin by 1.8–19.5% and 3–21%, correspondingly, compared with CE. Comparable findings have been reported on PEF extraction of lemon peel’s polyphenols [ 161 ], tepals of Crocus sativus [ 168 ], olive pomace [ 163 ], Sideritis raiseri [ 169 ], apple pomace [ 170 ], banana peels [ 171 ] and potato peels [ 162 ].…”

Green Methods to Recover Bioactive Compounds from Food Industry Waste: A Sustainable Practice from the Perspective of the Circular Economy

“…Hendrawan et al [ 54 ] demonstrated that PEF, rather than a standalone extracting method, is a useful preliminary procedure to increase the phenolic yield recovered from Kepok banana peel. In fact, both the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were higher than in the control sample not pre-treated with PEF (1.090 ± 0.165 mg GAE/g dry extract).…”

“…In fact, both the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were higher than in the control sample not pre-treated with PEF (1.090 ± 0.165 mg GAE/g dry extract). In their study, the electric field strength of 4 kV/cm for 2 min led to the highest value of total phenol content (1.664 ± 0.226 mg GAE/mg dry extract), while considering antioxidant activity, the highest value was reached using the same electric field strength for 4 min (IC 50 = 13.086 ± 4.547 mg/mL; DPPH assay) [ 54 ].…”

Evaluation of Pulsed Electric Field Polyphenol Extraction from Vitis vinifera, Sideritis scardica and Crocus sativus

“…PEF has been applied mostly in the food industry for the reduction of microbial growth/pasteurization and for the enhanced extraction of phytochemicals from fruit and vegetable industry wastes [15,17,18,20,[23][24][25][26][27]. Bobinaitė et al (2015) [23] investigated the influence of PEF pretreatment on the recovery of bioactive compounds from by-products (press cake) of blueberry fruits (Vaccinium myrtillus L.).…”