Extraction of probability of compound-nucleus formation

Measurement of the fusion probability,PCN, for hot fusion reactions

“…A number of calculations of P CN for cold fusion reactions have been made using the "fusion by diffusion" approach [5,[44][45][46] that differ from both the DNS and Zagrebaev and Greiner approaches. There have also been a number of attempts [25,44,46,47] to make semi-empirical estimates of P CN using one or another models for σ capture , W sur and using measured values for σ EVR to get values of P CN for both hot and cold fusion reactions. Other aspects of quasifission , such as the time scale and the role of deformation effects in the entrance channel have been treated [38,[48][49][50].…”

Systematic study of probable projectile-target combinations for the synthesis of the superheavy nucleus120302

“…It is noted that as the reaction asymmetry increases, excitation energy also increases. The excitation energy near and above the barrier for the combinations 20 O + 282 Cn, 36 Si + 266 Sg, 40 S + 262 Rf, which are more mass asymmetric than the combinations in region I, is comparatively higher and thus have less survival probability to form a evaporation residue and these combinations are not at all favorable for fusion. Based on the two simple arguments of reaction asymmetry and excitation energy, the combinations 20 O + 282 Cn, 36 Si + 266 Sg, 40 S + 262 Rf are not a promising choice for an attempt to synthesize the element 302 120.…”

“…In the cold reaction valleys of superheavy element 302 120, the probable combinations observed are 8 Be + 294, Lv, 10 Be + 292 Lv, 12 C + 290 Fl, 14 C + 288 Fl, 16 C + 286 Fl, 20 O + 282 Cn, 22 O + 280 Cn, 24 Ne + 278 Ds, 26 Ne + 276 Ds, 28 Mg + 274 Hs, 30 Mg + 272 Hs, 32 Si + 270 Sg, 34 Si + 268 Sg, 36 Si+ 266 Sg, 38 S + 264 Rf, 40 S + 262 Rf, 42 S + 260 Rf, etc. The three deep minima are observed in the range 44 < A P < 60 (region I), 84 < A P < 100 (region II) and 126 < A P < 138 (region III) which are due to the magic shell closures of either or both the interacting nuclei.…”

“…Further, in an attempt to predict more suitable projectile-target, which are having good potential pockets, we have considered the projectiles and targets having comparatively large half-lives and the systems 20 O + 282 Cn, 36 Si + 266 Sg, 40 S + 262 Rf, 62 Fe + 240 Pu, 64 Fe + 238 Pu, 66 Fe + 236 Pu, 68 Ni + 234 U, 70 Ni + 232 U, 72 Ni + 230 U, 74 Zn + 228 Th are found in the other cold valley are also feasible for fusion experiments.…”

“…First, the projectile is captured by the target by overcoming the Coulomb barrier, which then evolves into the compound nucleus and, finally the compound nucleus loses excitation energy and cools down by the emission of particle and gamma rays and goes into the ground state. Therefore, the cross section for producing an evaporation residue, σ ER is the product of capture cross section σ Capture , probability of compound nucleus formation P CN and the survival probability W sur of excited compound nucleus [34][35][36].…”