Extraction of Sugars and Cellulose Fibers from Cannabis Stems by Hydrolysis, Pulping, and Bleaching

Abstract

Cannabis indica stems were hydrolyzed with subcritical water at various temperatures, reaction times, and feed concentrations. The highest total yield of reducing sugars of 16.4 wt % was obtained at 190 °C in 37.5 min with a feed concentration of 3.5 wt %. Solid residues from the optimized process were treated with 0.5 M NaOH (pulping) and 0.5-3 % H 2 O 2 (bleaching) to isolate cellulose fibers. The maximum yield of cellulose was 34.8 wt % with lowest lignin content of 0.5 wt %. With the removal of hemicellulose and lignin through the integrated hydrothermal processes, the crystallinity index and thermal stability of the cellulose fibers increased.

Response surface optimization of ionic liquid pretreatments for maximizing cellulose nanofibril production

“…30 The peaks near 890 cm −1 are attributed to the vibration of C 1 . 31 The above characteristic peaks are considered typical absorption peaks of cellulose, indicating that PIL-water did not introduce any new functional groups during the pretreatment of pulp bers, and no derivatization reaction occurred. 6e and f, respectively.…”

Light and Shadow in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Powerful Tool for Cannabis sativa L. Analysis

“…Furthermore, sugars play a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of terpenes and cannabinoids, and thus, understanding the sugar content can offer valuable insights into the capacity of the plant for producing these compounds, which are responsible for the plant's aroma and psychoactive effects. There are various analytical techniques that can be employed for determining sugar content, with HPLC being one of the most widely used methods [37,38].…”