Extraction of the DNA of Giardia lamblia isolated from vegetables and fruits in a simplified way and its diagnosis using Nested-PCR

Mozer, Sahar; Abdulwahhab, Intisar Ghanim; AL-Azaawie, Adnan F.

doi:10.1007/s12639-022-01484-4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The 2.8% of G. duodenalis occurrence in the samples analyzed in our study is in accordance with the few available data from African countries that described 0-17.8% rates of this parasite in contaminated vegetables and fruits, reported in Morocco, Egypt, Libya, Ghana, Ethiopia, and Nigeria (Eraky et al, 2014;Istifanus and Panda, 2018;Kudah et al, 2018;Alemu et al, 2019;Berrouch et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020a;Sripanompong et al, 2021), mainly the leafy ones (Badri et al, 2022). Although the rate of incidence for G. duodenalis has been described as 0.11 in Africa (Hald et al, 2016), other studies mentioned the prevalence of G. duodenalis higher in developing countries (0.9-40.7%) when compared with developed countries (0.4-7.0%; Ryan and Cacciò, 2013;Wu et al, 2020b;Mozer et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each selected study point, we randomly purchased three specimens of each of the eight types of raw and fresh horticultural products, namely, coriander (Coriandrum sativum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), Portuguese cabbage (Brassica Oleracea costata), pointed white cabbage (Brassica oleracea capitata), carrot (Daucus carota), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), green pepper (Capsicum annuum), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa cea). The products were placed in individual plastic bags, encoded with a unique number and the date of collection, and transported in a container at 4 • C. Several detaching and concentrating G. duodenalis cysts and E. bieneusi spores protocols reported in the literature were reviewed (Monge and Chinchilla, 1996;Cook et al, 2007;Mozer et al, 2022), and the more consensual approach was selected for this study, taking into account the distinct size and food matrices of the products studied and the field work conditions.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies (Lobo et al, 2014;Li et al, 2020b;Salamandane et al, 2021b;Mozer et al, 2022) for the molecular characterization of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi have been carried out, but in Africa, studies on G. duodenalis are more abundant than studies on E. bieneusi. More precisely, there are studies done mainly in humans and livestock (Akinbo et al, 2012;Samra et al, 2012;Lobo et al, 2014;Laatamna et al, 2015;Wegayehu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring genetic variability of Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raw vegetables and fruits: implications for food safety and public health in Mozambique

et al. 2023

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Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are etiological agents of enteric diseases characterized by diarrhea that can progress to chronicity in humans, especially in children and in immunocompromised patients. This study aims to assess the genetic pattern of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi detected in vegetables and fruits commercialized in Maputo markets, Mozambique and determine their public health importance. Eight study points were sampled: a farmer zone, a wholesale, four retail markets, and two supermarkets in Maputo city, where eight types of horticultural products were purchased. Using nested-PCR methods, 2.8% (9/321) and 1.3% (4/321) of samples monitored were positive for G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi, respectively. Based on the analysis of the β-giardin and ITS rRNA sequences of G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi detected, respectively, four different sequences of G. duodenalis (three novel sequences: BgMZ1, BgMZ2, and BgMZ3, and one known sequence) all from assemblage B and three genotypes of E. bieneusi (two novel sequences: EbMZ4 and EbMZ5, and one known sequence: KIN-1) from group 1. These microorganisms were found and characterized for the first time in horticultural products in Maputo markets. All identified G. duodenalis and E. bieneusi display high genetic similarity within their β-giardin and ITS rRNA sequences, respectively, having been clustered into assemblages and genotypes with high zoonotic transmission potential. Our study may represent a relevant step in the understanding of these intestinal pathogens in association with fresh vegetables and fruits for human consumption, for a better and broader “One Health” approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring genetic variability of Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raw vegetables and fruits: implications for food safety and public health in Mozambique

et al. 2023

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“…Food-borne giardiasis is a disease caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the Giardia spp (Mozer et al 2022). Giardia species have a typical life cycle that consists of two active trophozoite and cystic forms.…”

Section: Giardiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis: Two Common Foodborne Parasitic Infections

2023

IJAB

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Genetic identification of Giardia lamblia in children for Tikrit city, Iraq

Mostafa,

Ghanim Abdulwahhab,

Shihab Ahmed

2023

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Giardia lamblia, also known as (Giardia duodenalis or Giardia intestinalis) is the causative agent of giardiasis, and it is the most common parasitic diarrheal disease that affects humans and more than 40 species of other mammals. The study recorded (17) positive cases of Giardia infection out of a total of (47) samples diagnosed microscopically for pediatric patients arriving at Tikrit General Hospital from nearby areas. The results showed that the percentage of positive cases of infection with the Giardia parasite amounted to (36.2%) for PCR, as significant differences appeared when compared with the microscopic examination ( P value< 0.05). Also, the rates of infection with the parasite varied between males and females, and the percentage of infection in males reached (53.2%), while the percentage of infection in females was (43.14%); the results showed the relationship between infection and Giardia by age groups less than one year, where the percentage amounted to 44.6%, followed by the age group 1-2 years, the percentage reached 31.9%, and the lowest percentage was in the age group 3- 4 years 10.6%.PCR technique diagnosed the specific region within the DNA of the parasite Giardia using special primers for the encoded gene (for Giardia2029/Gia2150c) and (for Giardia). Also, it was sequenced and aligned. The isolate in the current study was 100% similar to the globally recorded isolate. In conclusion, the methods of detection of Giardia showed differences in positive results for this parasite. In addition, there are more infections in males than in females aged less than one year more infected than in other ages. Keywords: Giardia lamblia, Giardia2029/Gia2150c, Giardia gene

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Extraction of the DNA of Giardia lamblia isolated from vegetables and fruits in a simplified way and its diagnosis using Nested-PCR

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Exploring genetic variability of Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raw vegetables and fruits: implications for food safety and public health in Mozambique

Exploring genetic variability of Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in raw vegetables and fruits: implications for food safety and public health in Mozambique

Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis: Two Common Foodborne Parasitic Infections

Genetic identification of Giardia lamblia in children for Tikrit city, Iraq

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