Extraction of toluene from aliphatic compounds using an ionic liquid as solvent: Influence of the alkane on the (liquid+liquid) equilibrium

González, Emilio J.; Calvar, Noélia; Domínguez, Irene; Domínguez, Ángeles

doi:10.1016/j.jct.2010.11.013

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Effect of the anion on the (a) selectivity and (b) distribution factor in mole fraction basis and (c) distribution factor in mass fraction basis versus composition of toluene in the upper raffinate phase for the heptane + toluene + [emim] + cation-based ionic liquids systems. Solid symbols, 298.15 K; open symbols, 313.15 K. (Solid black square) [Tf 2 N] − ; (open black square) [Tf 2 N] − ; (solid blue circle) [DEP] − ; (solid green diamond) [OAc] − ; (open orange triangle) [CH 3 SO 3 ] − ; (open purple star) [CF 3 SO 3 ] − ; (cross) [CHF 2 CF 2 SO 3 ] − ; (solid red inverted triangle) [ESO 4 ] − ; (open red inverted triangle) [ESO 4 ] − ; (×) [SCN] − ; (asterisk) [DCA] − ; (dash) [TCM] − ; and (black square with line) sulfolane …”

Section: Liquid–liquid Separation Of Aromatic From Aliphatics Using I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid–liquid phase equilibrium, capacity, and selectivity have been reported for several combinations of aliphatics and aromatics using ionic liquids as the extraction solvent. Among the ionic liquids studied, the cations used are mostly imidazolium ,− and pyridinium. ,,,− A few studies use pyrrolidinium, ammonium, ,, morpholinium, and other cations, , while the most investigated ionic liquid anion is bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Tf 2 N] − ). In addition, aromatic extractions have been performed with ionic liquid mixtures in an attempt to improve both selectivity and capacity. − In some cases, infinite dilution activity coefficients of aromatic and aliphatic compounds in ionic liquids have been used as a first pass evaluation of the suitability of a particular ionic liquid for aliphatic–aromatic separation. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Ionic Liquids to Conventional Organic Solvents for Extraction of Aromatics from Aliphatics

2016

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Commonly used solvents for separation of aromatics from aliphatics using liquid−liquid extraction are reviewed in terms of their physical properties and separation performance. The experimental liquid− liquid measurements for conventional solvents are contrasted with the phase behavior when using an ionic liquid as the extracting component. For comparison purposes, ternary systems of heptane + toluene + extraction solvent are used as representative mixtures, where sulfolane is the main organic extraction solvent discussed. Since ionic liquid properties are drastically changed by changing the anion, comparisons are performed for 1ethyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids using different anions. Ionic liquids containing cyano-substituted and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions provide good selectivities and distribution ratios. On the basis of the phase behavior and capacities, as well as their relatively low viscosities, they appear to be competitive alternatives to organic solvents.

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Section: Liquid–liquid Separation Of Aromatic From Aliphatics Using I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Ionic Liquids to Conventional Organic Solvents for Extraction of Aromatics from Aliphatics

2016

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“…From Figure , it is concluded that for the systems with hexane, DES 2 shows comparable values of distribution coefficients to [EMim][ESO 4 ], [EMpy][ESO 4 ], and [BMim][MSO 4 ] in the whole investigated concentration range of toluene in the system. However, DES 1 shows less attractive distribution coefficients compared to the other solvents.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Experimental Investigation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction of Toluene + Heptane or Toluene + Hexane Using Deep Eutectic Solvents

2019

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In this work, the selective separation of toluene from mixtures of toluene + heptane or toluene + hexane was investigated using the newly emerging family of solvents, namely, deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as the extracting agent. The liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) of these systems were measured at a temperature of 303.2 K and a pressure of 85 kPa. The DESs considered were made of choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and phenol as the hydrogen bond donor (HBD), at the two different HBA–HBD molar ratios of 1:3 and 1:4. The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data, along with the selectivities and distribution coefficients, were reported for each set of equilibrium data and also compared with other ternary systems in the literature containing toluene + heptane or toluene + hexane and various solvents. The experimental results revealed that the studied DESs in this work have the potential to be utilized in the separation of toluene from either hexane or heptane at low concentrations of toluene. The experimental LLE data was also modeled using the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model. The values of the root-mean-square deviations of the NRTL results with respect to experimental values indicated acceptable agreement, suggesting NRTL as a potential model for such systems.

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“…Ionic liquids , (ILs) were investigated as a replacement for the organic solvents in extractive desulfurization, , denitrification, , or dearomatization. , This novel solvent captured the attention of many researchers due to the ease of tuning its properties, low volatility, and high extraction efficiency. − However, the toxicity, poor biodegradability, high cost, and difficulty in synthesizing ILs restricted their commercial use as extractive solvents …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Thiophene, Pyridine, and Toluene from n-Decane as a Diesel Model Using Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2020

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In an attempt to develop an alternative process that meets the criteria of "green" and economically sound technology in fuel purification, simultaneous extractive desulfurization, denitrification, and dearomatization using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were investigated. A NADES composed of betaine (Bet) as a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and levulinic acid (LevA) as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) was investigated for its extraction capacity of thiophene, pyridine, and toluene from n-decane via liquid−liquid extraction. First, the HBA/HBD molar ratio was optimized based on the highest overall extraction efficiency, which was achieved for Bet/ LevA (1:7). Furthermore, the selected NADES was characterized by measuring its density, dynamic viscosity, and water content. Then, the solubility of each fuel impurity in the NADES was measured. Moreover, the liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) data of the pseudo-ternary systems {n-decane (1) + thiophene/pyridine/ toluene (2) + Bet/LevA (1:7) (3)} were determined at 298.15 K and 1.01 bar. The assumption of a pseudo-ternary system, which means that the NADES stays intact in one phase, was validated experimentally. The solute distribution ratios, selectivities, and the extraction efficiencies of each impurity at a 1:1 solvent-to-feed mass ratio were calculated from the experimental LLE data and compared to a benchmark solvent (i.e. sulfolane) and other ionic liquids and DESs reported in the literature. The LLE data were also correlated using the nonrandom two-liquid thermodynamic model. The regressed LLE data showed good agreement with the experimental data as the root-mean-square deviation was found to be ≤0.29%. Finally, it is clear that Bet/LevA (1:7) can be considered as a potential natural solvent for combined desulfurization, denitrification, and dearomatization processes.

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Extraction of toluene from aliphatic compounds using an ionic liquid as solvent: Influence of the alkane on the (liquid+liquid) equilibrium

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

Comparison of Ionic Liquids to Conventional Organic Solvents for Extraction of Aromatics from Aliphatics

Comparison of Ionic Liquids to Conventional Organic Solvents for Extraction of Aromatics from Aliphatics

Experimental Investigation of Liquid–Liquid Extraction of Toluene + Heptane or Toluene + Hexane Using Deep Eutectic Solvents

Extraction of Thiophene, Pyridine, and Toluene from n-Decane as a Diesel Model Using Betaine-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

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