Extraction Optimization, Structural Characterization, and Anticoagulant Activity of Acidic Polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula-judae

Abstract

To explore Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharides (AAP) as natural anticoagulants for application in the functional food industry, ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) was optimized for the extraction of AAP by using a response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum extraction yield of crude AAP (14.74 mg/g) was obtained at the optimized extraction parameters as follows: Extraction temperature (74 °C), extraction time (27 min), the ratio of liquid to raw material (103 mL/g), and ultrasound power (198 W). Furthermore, the acidic AAP (aAAP) was precipitated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) from crude AAP (cAAP). aAAP was further purified using ion exchange chromatography with a DEAE Purose 6 Fast Flow column to obtain aAAP-1. Additionally, according to the HPLC analysis, the aAAP-1 was mainly composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, glucose, galactose, and xylose, with a molar ratio of 80.63:9.88:2.25:1:31.13. Moreover, the results of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT) indicated aAAP-1 had anticoagulant activity, which was a synergic anticoagulant activity by the endogenous and exogenous pathway.

Skin Wound-Healing Potential of Polysaccharides from Medicinal Mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.)

“…Besides possessing proteins and minerals, Auricularia auricula largely contains carbohydrates. The recent reports have shown that A. auricula extract exhibited antioxidant activity and promoted procollagen biosynthesis [ 13 ], antitumor activities [ 14 ], and anticoagulant activity [ 15 ]. However, the medicinal properties of A. auricula-judae as a wound-healing agent has not yet been fully elucidated, as only a few studies have been conducted so far.…”

Ethnomycological Investigation in Serbia: Astonishing Realm of Mycomedicines and Mycofood

“…The traditional use of this mushroom as an agent in blood vessel purification ( Table 1 ) may have recently found its scientific support. According to Bian et al [ 28 ], fruiting bodies of mushroom are a source of acidic polysaccharides with glucuronide (defined as aAAP-1), which exhibited anticoagulant activity. As confirmed by Yoon et al [ 29 ], polysaccharides from this mushroom are those with anticoagulant activity due to catalysis of thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, with glucuronic acid being the essential factor for this polysaccharide activity.…”

Extraction optimisation and lipid-lowering activity of Auricularia heimuer polysaccharides

“…It is important that the extraction process should be optimised to maintain the pharmacological activities of AAP (Cai et al 2015;Bian et al 2020). Gu et al (2021) found that when ultrasonic power was 130 W, there was a significant difference from the other four groups in the yield of AAP (P < 0.05).…”

“…Thus, conducting comparative studies of different extraction methods of AAP with different molecular weights and lipid-lowering activities is of particular importance. At present, the main extraction method of AAP is hot water extraction (Cai et al 2015), ultrasound treatment (Wang et al 2019), ultrasound-assisted extraction (Bian et al 2020), enzymatic extraction (Yue et al 2019), etc. However, there are few reports on the hypolipidaemic activity of AAP determined by different extraction methods.…”