Extractive desulfurisation of gasoline with tetrabutyl ammonium chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Shu, Chenhua; Sun, Tonghua

doi:10.1080/01496395.2016.1155602

Cited by 50 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This is due to the exothermic nature of the EDS . A higher temperature destroys the integration of DES and sulfur compound (DBT) in fuel, which decreases the extraction efficiency . A higher extraction efficiency was achieved at 25 °C.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55 A higher temperature destroys the integration of DES and sulfur compound (DBT) in fuel, which decreases the extraction efficiency. 56 A higher extraction efficiency was achieved at 25 °C. Thus, the extraction can be performed at room temperature without adjusting the temperature.…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc)mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This study's outcomes are in better agreement with tetrabutylammonium chloride and EG-based DES reported by Shu and Sun. 56 Li et al 19 reported an extraction efficiency of 82.8% at a phase ratio of DES (tetrabutylammonium chloride and polyethylene glycol-based DES) to fuel volumetric ratio of 2:1. The volumetric phase ratio of DES to fuel was set at 1.2:1 as the optimal value in this work.…”

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary Ammonium Salts-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Utilization in Extractive Desulfurization

Khan

Srivastava

2021

Energy Fuels

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In this work, three deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and further used in extractive desulfurization (EDS). Three DESs were synthesized by the thermal method using choline chloride (ChCl), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), and tetramethylammonium chloride (TMAC) as hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and ethylene glycol (EG) as a hydrogen bond donor (HBD). The thermal properties of DESs and their individual components were determined via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA− FTIR). The DESs were further utilized in the extraction of sulfurbased model oil (500 mg•L −1 sulfur content as a dibenzothiophene (DBT) dissolved in isooctane). The maximum sulfur extraction efficiency of 81.2% was achieved using TBAB/2EG as DES at optimized operating conditions, i.e., contact time of 30 min, temperature at 25 °C, the volumetric ratio of DES to fuel being 1.2:1, and stirring speed of 350 rpm. The recyclability of DES without regeneration caused a decrease in extraction efficiency, which was regained after regeneration. The pseudo first-, second-, and n th -order models represented the EDS kinetics. The interaction between the components during the synthesis and after regeneration was confirmed by FTIR and 1 H NMR. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis showed negligible loss (1.5%−2.5%) of DES during regeneration.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quaternary Ammonium Salts-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Utilization in Extractive Desulfurization

Khan

Srivastava

2021

Energy Fuels

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“…3 Moreover, it is relatively easy to regenerate them and even to use them several times without purification. 4,5 The easy adjustment of their properties by simple replacement of the hydrogen bond donor or acceptor allows them to be widely applied, so they have found their place in the treatment of motor fuels. 6 Among the motor fuel treatment processes, those used for removing harmful sulphur and nitrogen compounds are particularly important, which is also stipulated by the legislation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Liquid–liquid Equilibria in Quasi-seven-component Systems with Deep Eutectic Solvents as Extraction Media

Rogošić

Kučan

2018

Kem. Ind.

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Liquid-liquid equilibria were experimentally investigated in systems in which the first component was aliphatic (n-hexane, n-heptane or i-octane) or aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene), the second component was pyridine or thiophene, and the third quasi-component was DES consisting of choline chloride and glycerol or choline chloride and ethylene glycol, at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. The equilibria were successfully described by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The same models were successfully applied to describe the liquid-liquid equilibria in quasi-seven-component systems that comprised all the mentioned low molecular weight components and one DES. The restrictions of the models were discussed; it seems that the preference can be given to the UNIQUAC model.

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“…Therefore, DESs are considered an alternative to organic solvents. Applying DESs to various sides have attracted wide attention [18]. However, compared with conventional ILs technology, DESs have less application in fuel desulfurization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep desulfurization performance of thiophene with deep eutectic solvents loaded carbon nanotube composites

et al. 2021

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One source of air pollution is the combustion of sulfur compounds in fuel oil. Reducing sulfur content in fuel oil has become a hot issue demanding timely solutions. Using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to remove sulfides in fuel oil has achieved good results presently. However, since DESs are liquid and their transportation and separation are inconvenient, a new way is proposed that the DESs are loaded on the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with large specific surface area and good chemical stability. A series of composites materials (DESs/CNTs) were prepared. Finally, they are applied to the removal of sulfides in fuel oil. This loading method, which imparts introduced unique physico-chemical properties of the DESs to the carrier materials, preserves both advantages while overcoming some of the problems with DESs. The interaction between DESs and CNTs is mutual promotion. Therefore, this study has important theoretical significance and industrial application value. Under optimal conditions, when the reagent ChCl/p-TsOH (1 : 2) was loaded on multi-walled CNTs (OD = 30–60 nm) to prepare the composite material (ChCl/p-TsOH)/CNTs, the single desulfurization rate of the composite material was 95.8%. Finally, the catalytic/oxidation mechanism was studied systematically and this work would provide a green route for the desulfurization of fuels.

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Extractive desulfurisation of gasoline with tetrabutyl ammonium chloride-based deep eutectic solvents

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Quaternary Ammonium Salts-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Utilization in Extractive Desulfurization

Quaternary Ammonium Salts-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Utilization in Extractive Desulfurization

Modelling of Liquid–liquid Equilibria in Quasi-seven-component Systems with Deep Eutectic Solvents as Extraction Media

Deep desulfurization performance of thiophene with deep eutectic solvents loaded carbon nanotube composites

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