Extracts of Equisetum giganteum L and Copaifera reticulate Ducke show strong antiviral activity against the sexually transmitted pathogen herpes simplex virus type 2

Churqui, Marianela Patzi; Lind, Liza; Thörn, Karolina; Svensson, Alexandra; Savolainen, Otto; Aranda, Katty Terrazas; Eriksson, Kristina

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.010

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As can be seen from the results presented in igure 3 the highest and most effective inhibition of all tested viruses infection was obtained when the treatment with the product was at the time and after infection (about 100% inhibition). These results are in agreement with previous studies reported that the anti-virally active natural products mainly prevent early steps of the viral infection such as direct effect on the viral particles, virus adsorption and/or penetration into the host cells [5,14,38,40,46]. When the cells were treated only at the time of infection or only p.i.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The latent virus is reactivated spontaneously causing recurrent infections in infected patients [6]. Although it can effectively be treated with nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir (ACV), but still the search for new effective antiherpetic drugs is important due to the development of ACV-resistant herpes viruses mutants particularly in immunosuppressed and in immunode iciency syndrome patients [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In addition, ACV and other available nucleoside analogs have different undesired side effects (like nausea, vomiting, headache and others) [16] and are not highly effective against reactivated herpes viruses [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiviral activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves ethanolic extract on herpes viruses infection

Huleihel¹

2017

Int J Clin Virol

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Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Ec) is considered as a traditional medicinal plant with valuable therapeutic effects. Here we evaluated the antiviral activity of its ethanolic leave extract on different herpes viruses. Vero cells were infected with either of the tested viruses [herpes simplex virus-1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)] with or without treatment with Ec extract and viral infection development was evaluated by plaque assay. Our results showed signifi cant antiviral activity of the examined extract against all tested viruses. The 80%-MeOH fraction of this extract offered the highest activity against these viruses with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of 0.1±0.08, 0.3±0.02 and 1±0.03 μg/ml against HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV respectively and 50% cytotoxicity (CC 50) at 700 μg/ml. The highest antiviral effect of this fraction was obtained mainly when it was added during and post infection (p.i.) or when it was added only p.i. Also, this fraction signifi cantly reduced the amount of infective endogenous viral particles in cells that were treated with the 80%-MeOH fraction only post viral entry into the host cells. A synergistic antiviral effect against all tested viruses was also observed when cells were treated with a combination of acyclovir (ACV) and 80%-MeOH fraction of Ec. Further study is required for the isolation and identifi cation of the anti-virally active component/s of this fraction.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves ethanolic extract on herpes viruses infection

Huleihel¹

2017

Int J Clin Virol

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“…However, drug resistance rates are increasing, especially among immunosuppressed individuals (Dai et al, 2018). There is currently no effective HSV-2 vaccine (Churqui et al, 2018), so the exploration of natural plant pharmaceuticals and their active components has become . VK2/E6E7, HSV-2 solution, and drugs (or medium) were co-incubated at 37°C for 24 h. C stands for control group, V stands for model group, JZ sands for different concentrations of JZ-1 group, JV sands for JZ-1 treatment group, PV stands for penciclovir treatment group, BV stands for berberine treatment group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral effect of Chinese herbal prescription JieZe-1 on adhesion and penetration of VK2/E6E7 with herpes simplex viruses type 2

Duan

Liu

Yuan

et al. 2020

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Ethnopharmacological relevance: The Chinese Herbal Prescription JieZe-1(JZ-1), added and subtracted from Yihuang Decoction, a famous formula in the 12th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, has a clear effect on Genital Herpes (GH) and no obvious adverse reactions occur clinically. JZ-1 also has preventive and therapeutic effects on Trichomonas vaginitis, Candida albicans vaginitis and GH in vitro and in vivo experiments. Aim of study: The effect and mechanism of JZ-1 on anti-herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV-2) in vitro focusing on adhesion and penetration stages were investigated. Materials and methods: A model of HSV-2 infection of VK2/E6E7 was developed. In order to explore JZ-1's anti-HSV-2 effect in vitro, cell morphology, ultrastructural pathology, cell viability and expression of viral glycoprotein D (gD) were assessed at 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h of JZ-1 treatment. Then we measured the exact time required for adhesion and penetration of HSV-2 into VK2/E6E7 among a series of times at room temperature and under temperature control techniques. We treated VK2/E6E7 with JZ-1, penciclovir, or berberine and explored the mechanism of JZ-1 in blocking HSV-2 adhesion and penetration of host cells by assessing the cell ultrastructural pathology, viability, viral proteins gB, gD, VP16, ICP5, and ICP4 and host cell proteins HVEM, Nectin-1, and Nectin-2. Results: HSV-2 can fully adhere and penetrate into VK/E6E7 within 5 mins at room temperature while it takes 60mins under temperature control techniques. JZ-1 and penciclovir showed significant anti-HSV-2 effects, with improved host cell morphologies and increased host cell viabilities observed after treatment for 24 h. The anti-HSV-2 effect of JZ-1 can be detected after treatment for 6 h while that of penciclovir was not obvious until treatment for 12 h. JZ-1 showed distinct effect on HSV-2 adhesion and penetration stages by significantly reducing the expression of viral proteins gB, gD, VP16, ICP5, and ICP4, improving cell morphology and increasing cell viability. However, these effects were not exerted via downregulated expression of membrane fusion-related proteins such as HVEM, Nectin-1, or Nectin-2. The specific anti-HSV-2 mechanism of JZ-1 need to be further explored. Conclusion: The anti-HSV-2 effect of JZ-1 was superior to that of penciclovir and berberine in vitro, and was mainly mediated by enhancing host cell defense and blocking adhesion and penetration of HSV-2.

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“…Antiviral activity against HSV-2 (strain 333) of hydroethanolic extracts of Equisetum giganteum, Croton lechleri, Uncaria tomentosa, and Copaifera reticulata was investigated by Churqui et al 73 Viral plaques were reduced by 100% by extracts of E. giganteum, U. tomentosa, and C. reticulata at a concentration of 100 mg/ml and the C. lechleri extract at 30 mg/ml. IC 50 values for the E. giganteum, U. tomentosa, C. reticulata, and C. lechleri extracts were found to be 18 mg/ml, 28 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 10 mg/ml, respectively, and SI values were calculated as >55.56, >35.71, 10, and >100, respectively.…”

Section: Multiple Geographic Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

Garber

Barnard

Pickrell

2021

J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med

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Herpes simplex viruses, HSV-1 and HSV-2, are highly contagious and cause lifelong, latent infections with recurrent outbreaks of oral and/or genital lesions. No cure exists for HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections, but antiviral medications are commonly used to prevent and treat outbreaks. Resistance to antivirals has begun to emerge, placing an importance on finding new and effective therapies for prophylaxis and treatment of HSV outbreaks. Botanicals may be effective HSV therapies as the constituents they contain act through a variety of mechanisms, potentially making the development of antiviral resistance more challenging. A wide variety of plants from different regions in the world have been studied for antiviral activity against HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 and showed efficacy of varying degrees. The purpose of this review is to summarize research conducted on whole plant extracts against HSV-1 and/or HSV-2 in vitro and in vivo. The majority of the research reviewed was conducted in vitro using animal cell lines, and some studies used an animal model design. Also summarized are a limited number of human trials conducted using botanical therapies on HSV lesions.

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Extracts of Equisetum giganteum L and Copaifera reticulate Ducke show strong antiviral activity against the sexually transmitted pathogen herpes simplex virus type 2

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Antiviral activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves ethanolic extract on herpes viruses infection

Antiviral activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves ethanolic extract on herpes viruses infection

Antiviral effect of Chinese herbal prescription JieZe-1 on adhesion and penetration of VK2/E6E7 with herpes simplex viruses type 2

Review of Whole Plant Extracts With Activity Against Herpes Simplex Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo

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