Extragonadal Yolk Sac Tumor with Spinal Cord Compression in a Little Boy, with Complete Response to the Bleomycin, Etoposide, and Carboplatin: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Germ cell tumors account for 3.5 % of pediatric tumors and yolk sac tumors are the most common pure malignant germ cell tumors in children. Testis and ovary are the most common sites of involvement in children older than 2 years. Case Presentation: A 20-month-old boy with a complaint of limping was described in this case report. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a 52 × 50 mm solid abdominal mass. Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scans showed a left paraspinal heterogeneous mass. The tumor was extended into the spinal column with spinal cord compression. Four months later, at the end of chemotherapy, the tumor was completely resolved. Conclusions: Spinal cord compression is a rare presentation of yolk sac tumor (YST) and although this tumor is an uncommon malignancy, it can be cured completely.

A case report of recurrent testicular germ cell tumor in a patient with a history of primary pulmonary germ cell tumor and a review of the literature

“…As reported by Karami et al. ( 3 , 4 ), Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) occur in 54% of cases in the mediastinum and 45% in the retroperitoneum, with other locations accounting for only 1%. Reports of primary pulmonary germ cell tumors are exceedingly rare.…”

Extragonadal Mixed Germ Cell Tumour of the Right Scapular Region: A Case Report

“…Primary GCTs of extragonadal origin comprise 1-5% of all germ cell tumours. 2 They mostly arise in the midline sites, from the brain to the coccyx. Isolated cases have been reported in the bladder, prostate, paratesticular, adnexa, vulva, placenta, pelvis, uterus, kidney, and nasal sinuses.…”

“…They are more common in the ovaries and testes than in extragonadal sites in children older than 2 years, however, 1-5% of all GCTs occur in extragonadal sites. 2 The most common locations in order of frequency in children are sacrococcygeal (42%), mediastinum (7%), intracranial (6%), and retroperitoneum (4%). Sacrococcygeal teratoma is the most common GCT of childhood accounting for 40% of extragonadal germ cell tumours (EGGCTs).…”