Extraintestinal Infection due to Hafnia alvei

Ramos, Aracelis; D, Dámaso

doi:10.1007/s100960000356

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…From three separate studies, the percentage of documented H. alvei nosocomial infections ranged from 38% to 59%, although the absolute number of cases was relatively small (8 to 80) and they spanned a number of years (59,105,138).…”

Section: Clinical Frequency Outbreaks and Nosocomial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one sense, these bacteria appear to be "orphan enterobacteria" in search of a medical and public health identity. Hafnia is fairly often isolated from clinical material, yet with the exception of its doc-umented role as a rare cause of bacteremia (31,104,105), its relationship to other clinical infections is questionable. In fact, data from the early 1990s suggesting that hafniae were true enteropathogens (4,5) now turn out to have been incorrectly attributed to hafniae rather than to the actual pathogen, Escherichia albertii (63,69).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genus Hafnia : from Soup to Nuts

2006

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SUMMARY The genus Hafnia, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, consists of gram-negative bacteria that are occasionally implicated in both intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. Despite the fact that the genus currently contains only a single species (H. alvei), more extensive phylogenetic depth (two or more species) is apparent based upon DNA relatedness and 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies. Hafnia causes a variety of systemic infections, including septicemia and pneumonia; however, its role as a gastrointestinal pathogen is controversial. Many of the data supporting a role for hafniae as enteric pathogens were incorrectly attributed to this genus rather than to the actual pathogen, Escherichia albertii. There are numerous gaps in our understanding of this genus, including ecologic habitats and population genetics, disease-producing role in animals, phenetic and genetic methods useful in distinguishing genomospecies within the H. alvei complex, and bona fide pathogenicity factors.

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Section: Clinical Frequency Outbreaks and Nosocomial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genus Hafnia : from Soup to Nuts

2006

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“…[10] There are numerous extraintestinal infections caused by H. alvei in patients with chronic underlying diseases, such as immunodeficiency and cancer, in particular, hematological malignancies. [5] Our case had severe underlying disease, COPD, which may have promoted the occurrence of this uncommon infection. In addition, although H. alvei is an unusual etiological factor for pulmonary infections, several cases have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In humans, however, it can cause a range of infections, including urinary tract infections, bacteremia, pneumonia, and extraintestinal infections. [4,5] To the best of our knowledge, only three H. alvei cases have been reported as the main cause of pulmonary infections in the literature. [6] In one study, H. alvei was isolated in the respiratory tracts of five individuals, from whom 760 enterobacter isolates were obtained over the course of a three-year study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of Hafnia alvei pneumonia presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Karamanli¹

2017

Turk Gogus Kalp Dama

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ÖZHafnia alvei, insanlarda nadir rastlanan bir patojendir. Bu yazıda, şiddetli alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu olan 58 yaşında bir erkek Hafnia alvei olgusu sunuldu. Göğüs röntgeni ve bilgisayarlı tomografisinde sağ akciğerde belirgin konsolidasyon ve anlamlı infiltrasyon izlendi. Balgam kültürü, Hafnia alvei olarak tespit edilen Gram negatif basiller açısından pozitif idi. Hastaya enfeksiyon eradikasyonu için meropenem tedavisi verildi. Bu yazıda Hafnia alvei'nin neden olduğu nadir bir solunum yolu enfeksiyonu olgusu sunuldu. ABSTRACTHafnia alvei is a rarely seen pathogen in humans. In this article, we present a 58-year-old male case of Hafnia alvei with respiratory impairment due to a severe lower respiratory tract infection. Chest X-ray and computed tomography showed consolidation and significant infiltration in the right lung. Cultures of sputum were positive for Gram-negative rods, which were identified as Hafnia alvei. The patient was prescribed meropenem therapy for the eradication of the infection. This report presents a unique case of respiratory tract infection caused by Hafnia alvei.Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Hafnia alvei; pnemonia.Hafnia alvei (H. alvei) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family.[1] It is typically defined as a gastrointestinal organism [1] and is infrequently considered as a pathogen.[2] It only expresses one virulence factor found in enteropathogenic Escherichia.[3] In 1991, this organism was first described as an gastrointestinal pathogen. [3] Although, H. alvei is typically considered as a commensal organism of the enteric tract, recent reports have suggested that it has the potential to be a serious human pathogen.[2] Herein, we report a 58-year-old male case with respiratory impairment due to a severe lower respiratory tract infection caused by H. alvei. CASE REPORTA 58-year-old man with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who had a history of smoking 40 packs/day over the course of several years was admitted to the emergency department due to progressive dyspnea, fever, cough, and increasing sputum for three days. O admission, the patient was pale, dyspneic, febrile, and in a poor condition. Physical examination revealed a body weight of 65 kg, a height of 168 cm, a pulse rate of 104 beats/min, a blood pressure of 108/65 mmHg, a body temperature of 39.4 °C, and a respiration rate of 24 breaths/min. Abdominal examination findings were unremarkable. On auscultation of the lungs,

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“…Over the past several years, there has been renewed interest in the taxonomy of hafniae as causative agents of extraintestinal disease (6,11) and their reputed association with bacterial gastroenteritis (7). One study found that 16S rRNA gene sequencing could be successfully used to distinguish Hafnia genomospecies (8), while a subsequent investigation achieved similar results using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Two Distinct Hybridization Groups in the Genus Hafnia by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Phenotypic Methods

et al. 2005

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A collection of 52 strains belonging to the Hafnia alvei complex were subjected to molecular (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and biochemical analysis. Based upon 16S rRNA gene sequencing results, two genetic groups were identified which correspond with previously recognized DNA hybridization group 1 (ATCC 13337 T and ATCC 29926; n ‫؍‬ 23) and DNA hybridization group 2 (ATCC 29927; n ‫؍‬ 29). Of 46 biochemical tests used to characterize hafniae, 19 reactions (41%) yielded variable results. Of these 19 tests, 6 were determined to have discriminatory value in the separation of DNA groups 1 and 2, with malonate utilization found to be the most differential test. Test results of malonate utilization alone correctly assigned 90% of Hafnia isolates to their correct DNA group.The genus Hafnia presently consists of two or more distinct species (genomospecies) that are currently identified as a single taxon, H. alvei. DNA relatedness studies conducted by Steigerwalt et al. (12) in 1976 involving the genera Enterobacter and Serratia identified several strains of H. alvei ("Enterobacter hafniae") that exhibited widely divergent DNA binding ratios and degrees of mismatch (divergence) when hybridized with DNA from reference strain E. hafniae 4360-76. These results, although limited in scope by the number of strains studied, provided the first direct evidence for species diversity within the genus. Although definitive taxonomic studies regarding this species were not subsequently published, Brenner and colleagues at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirmed the existence of at least two distinct relatedness (hybridization) groups (HGs) within H. alvei (2, 3). Reference strains for these HGs include ATCC 13337 T and ATCC 29926 (CDC 5632-72) for HG 1 (H. alvei sensu stricto) and ATCC 29927 (CDC 4510-73) for HG 2 (unnamed) (4).Over the past several years, there has been renewed interest in the taxonomy of hafniae as causative agents of extraintestinal disease (6, 11) and their reputed association with bacterial gastroenteritis (7). One study found that 16S rRNA gene sequencing could be successfully used to distinguish Hafnia genomospecies (8), while a subsequent investigation achieved similar results using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (10). This latter Australian survey also concluded that the two genomospecies differed in their genetic structure and host distribution based upon an analysis of strains recovered from a variety of mammals, reptiles, fish, amphibians, insects, and aquatic sources (10).HG 1 contains the type strain, ATCC 13337 T (Stuart's type 32011), and by definition constitutes H. alvei sensu stricto. HG 2, also currently identified as H. alvei, remains unnamed, since previous studies have failed to identify phenotypic characteristics useful in distinguishing these two species from each other (2, 3, 4). It is also unclear what the distribution and frequency of these two hybridization groups are in clinical specimens. Greipsson and Priest (5) published the last major numerical taxonomy study o...

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Extraintestinal Infection due to Hafnia alvei

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

The Genus Hafnia : from Soup to Nuts

The Genus Hafnia : from Soup to Nuts

A rare case of Hafnia alvei pneumonia presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Identification of Two Distinct Hybridization Groups in the Genus Hafnia by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Phenotypic Methods

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