Extramedullary intracardiac multiple myeloma misdiagnosed as a thrombus: a case report

Peng, Ling; Wang, Rurong

doi:10.1186/s12893-021-01377-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The patient did not undergo radiotherapy or chemotherapy on the 3 occasions, and the tumors did not invade the surrounding bone and cartilage. Although the clinical presentation varies according to the involved organ [9] and tumor size, EMP of the larynx often presents with hoarseness or dysphagia, without special clinical manifestations, [10] due to the non-specificity in the clinical symptoms, laryngoscope findings, and imaging examinations, it is easily misdiagnosed. The diagnosis of EMP is based on the exclusion of systemic plasma cell proliferative disorders and immunohistochemistry results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck

Zhang

Ding²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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Rationale: Multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) of the head and neck is rare and a definitive first-line treatment has not been established. EMP successively as a benign mass occurring in multiple areas of the head and neck is rare. This report describes an atypical case with EMP occurring in multiple areas of the head and neck. Patient concerns: A 35-year-old woman was admitted due to complaints of sore throat discomfort accompanied by hoarseness. The patient had undergone surgical excision of the thyroid gland and parotid gland excision several years ago. Postoperative pathological examination both indicated EMP. This time, the woman suffered EMP in head and neck who was treated with a simple surgery. Diagnosis: Postoperative pathological examination of the tumor indicated EMP, and histopathological findings revealed the tumor to be a plasmacytoma. Immunopathological examination were consistent with the diagnosis of EMP. Interventions: The patient underwent surgical resection without radiotherapy. Outcomes: Histopathological and immunopathological examination findings revealed the tumor to be EMP. The patient was recurrence-free and did not progress to multiple myeloma (MM) during 19 months follow-up. Lessons: Increasing the awareness of EMP of head and neck is warranted. Our case confirmed that surgical excision is beneficial in the treatment of small, localized EMP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case report of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck

Zhang

Ding²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Medicine

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“…Without proper and timely intervention, MM can exacerbate progressively, leading to osteolysis, kidney injury, hypercalcemia, and other nonspecific constitutional symptoms [ 2 ]. However, the casual factors, including driver mutations, environmental factors, and familial inheritance contributing to the etiology of MM, remain poorly understood [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The clinical challenges associated with MM are compounded by diagnostic difficulty and limited treatment options.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple myeloma, IL6, and risk of schizophrenia: A Mendelian randomization, transcriptome, and Bayesian colocalization study

Lin,

Gao,

et al. 2024

eJHaem

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Numerous clinical studies speculated the association between multiple myeloma (MM) and inflammatory diseases; however, there is limited validation of these claims via establishing a causal relationship and revealing the underlying mechanism. This exploratory study employed bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationships between MM and inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, asthma, ankylosing spondylitis, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), sarcoidosis, inflammatory bowel disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, type II diabetes, and schizophrenia (SZ). Transcriptomic and genome‐wide Bayesian colocalization analyses were further applied to reveal the underlying mechanism. A significant and previously unrecognized positive association was identified between genetic predisposition to MM and the risk of SZ. Two independent case reports showed that treatment‐resistant psychosis is due to underlying MM and is resolved by treating MM. From our MR analyses, various statistical methods confirmed this association without detecting heterogeneity or pleiotropy effects. Transcriptomic analysis revealed shared inflammation‐relevant pathways in MM and SZ patients, suggesting inflammation as a potential pathophysiological mediator of MM's causal effect on SZ. Bayesian colocalization analysis identified rs9273086, which maps to the protein‐coding region of HLA‐DRB1, as a common risk variant for both MM and SZ. Polymorphism of the HLA‐DRB1 allele has been implicated in AD and PD, further highlighting the impact of our results. Additionally, we confirmed that interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is a risk factor for SZ through secondary MR, reinforcing the role of neuroinflammation in SZ etiology. Overall, our findings showed that genetic predisposition to MM, HLA‐DRB1 polymorphism, and enhanced IL‐6 signaling are associated with the increased risk of SZ, providing evidence for a causal role for neuroinflammation in SZ etiology.

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Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the head and neck region – presentation of two cases

Zagacki,

Golberg,

Neskoronna-Jędrzejczak

et al. 2023

Pol Otorhino Rev

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Introduction: Plasma cell tumors might be present in two types: as solitary lesions (plasmacytoma) or disseminated throughout the body – multiple myeloma. The former most commonly develops in the bones containing bone marrow, rarer in different soft tissues (extramedullary plasmacytoma). Case report: The first case is a 53-year-old man with a tumor of the left side of the larynx. The CT scan revealed a tumor on the left side of the larynx causing destruction of the thyroid cartilage. Oligobiopsy results – differential diagnosis included lymphoma and plasmacytoma. Based on histopathological examination and additional tests, the diagnosis was made: extramedullary myeloma. The patient was referred for further treatment to the hematology department, where he was qualified for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The second case is a 27-year-old man with chronic rhinitis that does not respond to antiinflammatory treatment. The MRI examination revealed a pathological mass of a hyperplastic nature with enhancement after contrast administration. An endoscopic tumor biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a plasma cell tumor. The correlation of the performed tests allowed for the diagnosis of extramedullary ameloblastoma of the maxillary sinus. The patient was referred for IGRT radiotherapy treatment. Discussion: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) accounts for about 3% of all plasma cell neoplasms. It is a locally invasive submucosal tumor presenting a tendency for recurrences; however, in about 16% of cases it may progress to multiple myeloma. The treatment of choice in case of EMP is radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Pan-London Haemato-Oncology Clinical Guidelines for Plasma Cell Disorder (2020) defined diagnostic criteria for extramedullary myeloma, which are also presented in the paper.

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Extramedullary intracardiac multiple myeloma misdiagnosed as a thrombus: a case report

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

A case report of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck

A case report of multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck

Multiple myeloma, IL6, and risk of schizophrenia: A Mendelian randomization, transcriptome, and Bayesian colocalization study

Extramedullary plasmacytoma in the head and neck region – presentation of two cases

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