Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid: report of a rare case

Hassan, Mohammad Jaseem; Khans, Sabina; Pujani, Mukta; Jetley, Sujata; Raina, Prabhat Kumar; Ahmad, Razi

doi:10.5045/br.2014.49.4.280

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…While the prognosis of EMP is excellent, multiple myeloma carries a grim prognosis. However, even if the prognosis of EMP is relatively favorable, a local recurrence or a progression to multiple myeloma has been described in up to 20% of the cases [5,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) has been defined as an autonomous proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells with varying degrees of differentiation, producing a circumscribed mass or diffuse infiltration [1][2][3]. The most common sites of EMP are the head, neck, lymph nodes and skin, but it can also be found at various other sites such as bone, nasal cavities, oral cavity, breast, soft tissue, testis and thyroid [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8]. This is a rare plasma cell neoplasm, constituting approximately 3-6% of all plasma cell neoplasms [1,3,4,5,[7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration for Diagnosis of Plasmacytoma

Prabhakaran¹,

Scott²,

Esebua³

2019

J Med Cases

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Plasmacytomas are rare extramedullary plasma cell neoplasms that present in bone and/or soft tissue. Diagnosis can require a variety of laboratory approaches such as serum protein electrophoresis, bone marrow biopsy, Bence Jones protein assays, and imaging. However, few case reports describe using fine needle aspiration for diagnosis. We present a case of a plasmacytoma diagnosis in a 55-year-old patient, who initially presented to the emergency room with symptoms of chest pain. Imaging revealed right apical and medial lung mass extending just posterior to the trachea with invasion and destruction of the anterolateral T3 vertebral body. Multiple smaller hypodensities were also present in thoracic vertebral bodies, ribs, and sternum. Biopsies were performed on the mediastinal mass. Fine needle aspiration revealed groups of mature and immature plasma cells at various stages of maturation. Flow cytometry demonstrated a kappa light chain-restricted plasma cell population. Paraffin immunoperoxidase studies showed that the neoplastic cells bore monotypic kappa light chains. The patient's presentation emphasizes the utility of fine needle aspiration, in conjunction with other ancillary studies, for diagnosing plasmacytomas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration for Diagnosis of Plasmacytoma

Prabhakaran¹,

Scott²,

Esebua³

2019

J Med Cases

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“…First, profuse uterine bleeding is an extremely rare mode of initial presentation of MM [11]. Female reproductive organs, breasts, skeletal muscle, and thyroid gland, are exceedingly rare sites of EMD reported mostly in isolated case reports [11–13]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only case report of MM with simultaneous involvement of the female reproductive system, thyroid and breasts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Aggressive Multiple Myeloma with Extramedullary Involvement of the Female Reproductive System, Thyroid and Breasts

Khan

Azar

Najjar

et al. 2019

Case Reports in Hematology

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Extramedullary disease at the time of diagnosis of multiple myeloma is a rare finding that portends poor prognosis and necessitates aggressive treatment strategies. We present a case of multiple myeloma with extramedullary plasmacytomas of the female reproductive system, thyroid and breasts. The patient was treated with lenalidomide, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone. Follow-up PET-CT scans confirmed clinical complete response, and the patient underwent autologous stem cell transplantation. The patient will be continued on lenalidomide and bortezomib maintenance therapy. To the best of our knowledge, simultaneous involvement of these sites has never been reported. The case highlights that there are no established guidelines on the treatment of multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease leading to great variability based on clinician preference. We will also discuss the treatment options and prognosis of multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

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“…According to 2017 WHO classification for plasma cell neoplasms (PCN), it includes non-IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), plasma cell myeloma (PCM), plasmacytoma, monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease and PCN with associated paraneoplastic syndrome. Plasmacytoma is further subdivided into solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SPB) and extramedullary system (10), central nervous system (11), thyroid (12), lymph nodes (13), breast (14), testes (15), retroperitoneum (16), or skin (17) etc. Before being diagnosed, it is necessary to perform relevant examinations to ascertain whether there is Bence-Jonce protein in the blood and urine, osteolytic lesions in spine and pelvis, renal insufficiency and hypercalcemia, to completely rule out multiple myeloma (1,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting as an adrenal tumor: case report and literature review

Khan¹,

Masroor²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Gland Surg

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The age standardized incidence rate of multiple myeloma is 2.1 per 100,000 person and death rate is 1.5 per 100,000 persons globally in 2016 which increase from 1990 to 2016 by 126% and 94% respectively (3). Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a very rare disease and only accounts for about 3% of all plasma cell malignancies (4). It often occurs in the head and neck region, such as the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavities, and oral cavity (1), it also occurs in the gastrointestinal tract (5,6), pancreas (7), liver (8) parotid gland (9), respiratory

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Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the thyroid: report of a rare case

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration for Diagnosis of Plasmacytoma

Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration for Diagnosis of Plasmacytoma

A Case of Aggressive Multiple Myeloma with Extramedullary Involvement of the Female Reproductive System, Thyroid and Breasts

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma presenting as an adrenal tumor: case report and literature review

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