Extramedullary tumors of myeloid blasts in adults as a pattern of relapse following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

Azacitidine in the treatment of extramedullary relapse of AML after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

“…1 However, other studies have reported an incidence of up to 20% among long-term survivors. [1][2][3][4][5][6] There are no established guidelines for clinical decision making pertaining to the treatment of extramedullary relapse after HSCT. 7 Common practice entails a combination of localized radiation, systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy with donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI), and repeated transplantation if possible.…”

Extramedullary relapses after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

“…2 Among long-term survivors the incidence has been reported to be over 20%. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Recently, Shimoni et al reported on 356 consecutive patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (n=277) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n=79). 8 Incidence of extramedullary relapse among the acute myeloblastic leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome cohort was 8% with a median follow-up of 30 months.…”

Isolated extramedullary relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia: Case report and review of the literature

“…The prognosis is poor, but prolonged survival has been observed in some of these patients, with 13 out of 52 evaluable patients alive having a median survival time of 49 months (range, 11-121). The most effective treatment appeared to be a combined modality of HDCHT and RT, as 7 (54%) out of 13 living patients have been treated with this combined modality [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The patient in this report showed two factors associated to IEMR, namely, M4 FAB phenotype and intermediate cytogenetic risk group, including aberration of chromosome 8.…”