Extraordinary emission from two-dimensional plasmonic-photonic crystals

Puscasu, Irina; Pralle, Martin U.; McNeal, M.; Daly, James T.; Greenwald, A. C.; Johnson, Edward A.; Biswas, Rana; Ding, C. G.

doi:10.1063/1.1947899

Cited by 62 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, when simulating metamaterials at higher frequencies, such as infrared or optical, metals tend to be lossier and the Drude model is often used to reproduce their frequency dependent optical properties. The conductivity according to the Drude model is: (19) where ε 0 is the permittivity of free space (as introduced in Section 2), ω p is the plasma frequency, γ is the collision frequency, and ω is the frequency of incoming radiation. Table 1 shows experimental Drude properties of several metals that are generally used in MPA design.…”

Section: Progress Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

2012

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The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

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Section: Progress Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

2012

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“…[2,5,18] Kirchoff's law states that emissivity (e) and absorptance (a) of an object are equal for systems in thermal equilibrium. For the Ni inverse opals studied here, where transmission is negligible and Bragg scattering from the triangular pattern at the surface does not occur at wavelengths longer than ca.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…

[7]

The photonic properties of metallic inverse opal structures have been of significant interest because of the simplicity of fabrication and potential for large-area structures.

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confidence: 99%

Filling Fraction Dependent Properties of Inverse Opal Metallic Photonic Crystals

et al. 2007

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Metallic photonic crystals, metal-based structures with periodicities on the scale of the wavelength of light, have attracted considerable attention due to the potential for new properties, including the possibility of a complete photonic bandgap with reduced structural constraints compared to purely dielectric photonic crystals, [1] unique optical absorption, thermally stimulated emission behavior, [2,3] and interesting plasmonic physics.[4]Photonic applications may include high-efficiency light sources, [5] chemical detection, [6] and photovoltaic energy conversion. [3] Other applications for 3D porous metals, so-called "metal foams", include acoustic damping, high strength to weight structures, catalytic materials, and battery electrodes.[7]The photonic properties of metallic inverse opal structures have been of significant interest because of the simplicity of fabrication and potential for large-area structures. However, in practice, experiments on metal inverse opals have been inconclusive, [8][9][10] presumably because of structural inhomogeneities due to synthetic limitations. In this work, we demonstrate an electrochemical approach for fabricating high-quality metal inverse opals with complete control over sample thickness, surface topography, and, for the first time, the structural openness (metal filling fraction (FF)). Optical measurements conclusively demonstrate that metal inverse opals modulate the absorption and thermal emission of the metal and that these effects only become 3D in nature at high degrees of structural openness. Various metals, for example, Au, Ag, W, Pt, Pd, Co, Ni, and Zn, [10][11][12][13][14] have been formed into inverse opals. Here, Ni is selected because of its high reflectivity in the IR, temperature stability, and ease of electrochemical processing. Ni inverse opals are fabricated by using electrodeposition through a polystyrene (PS) opal template that was first deposited on a surface-treated Au film evaporated on a Si wafer. PS opals formed from microspheres ranging in diameter from 460 nm to 2.2 lm were used as templates; this paper focuses on metal inverse opals formed using 2.2 lm microspheres. Templated electrodeposition is observed in all systems; this range of microsphere diameters is not an upper or lower limit. The final thickness of the sample is regulated by controlling the total charge. After electrodeposition, the PS microspheres are removed with tetrahydrofuran, resulting in a Ni inverse opal. Although the electrodeposition is quite homogeneous, gradual thickness variations do occur over the sample surface. These variations turn out to be useful, as they generate regions of different number of layers and surface terminations over the same sample (Fig. 1)

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“…For a thin metal film of thickness T, the SP dispersion is modified due to the interface between the SPs of the two surfaces and is obtained from [21]: ε ε = For relatively thick metal films, the two SP dispersions are essentially decoupled.…”

Section: Model and Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced electric fields and plasmonic interactions between a metallic nanotube and a thin metallic film

Xie

et al. 2010

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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We have numerically simulated the induced electric fields and the plasmonic interactions of a metallic nanotube near a thin metallic film. Our study shows that the energies and intensities of the plasmon resonances depend strongly on the aspect ratio (the ratio of the inner to outer radius) of the nanotube as well as the separation between the center of the nanotube and the upper surface of the metallic film and the thickness of the film. The enhancement of the induced electric field of this system reaches as high as 10 4 orders of magnitude and its field distribution is characterized by waveguide-mode resonance. The report proposes that these phenomena can be applied to designing surface enhanced spectroscopies such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for efficient chemical and biological sensing. metallic nanotube, virtual state, plasmons, extinction spectrumSurface plasmons (SPs) are coupled oscillations of electrons and electromagnetic fields which propagate along the metallic surfaces. This phenomenon has generated an enormous interest in the optical research community [1-4]. Since appropriate techniques are available for fabricating metallic nanostructures, much progress has been made not only in understanding the optical properties of metallic nanosystems but also in their applications. The unique optical phenomena such as optical waves guiding beyond the diffraction limit in plasmonic waveguides [1], surfaceenhanced Raman scattering in optical antennas for ultrasensitive chemical and biomolecular detections [3], and fluorescence through plasmonic resonant light scattering [5], have been exploited for various applications.The plasmonic properties are highly dependent on the size, the shape of the nanostructure and the surrounding dielectric environment for a single nanostructure [6,7]. However, when different types of metallic nanostructures form a nanosystem, such as nanoparticle with nanowire [8], metal nanoparticle array [9, 10], and metal ring/disk nanocavities [11], the plasmon modes can be modified by additional plasmonic resonances, energy shifts and energy confinements created by the interactions of the individual nanostructures. Therefore, the plasmonic properties of these nanosystems have attracted a considerable amount of research efforts.The plasmons of a finite nanostructure can be considered discrete eigenmodes characterized by the spatial symmetry of their associated surface charge distribution [12]. Problems involving the discrete plasmons of a finite nanostructure such as a nanoshell [13] or a nanosphere [14], interacting with a continuum of delocalized plasmons have been studied. The interaction results in localized states, resonances, and virtual states (VSs) in the continuum. These concepts were originally introduced to describe the nature of the electronic states resulting from the interaction of a discrete impurity level with a continuum, and have also been used to describe the interaction of localized and delocalized photonic states in photonic crystals.In our recent paper [15], v...

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Extraordinary emission from two-dimensional plasmonic-photonic crystals

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Filling Fraction Dependent Properties of Inverse Opal Metallic Photonic Crystals

Induced electric fields and plasmonic interactions between a metallic nanotube and a thin metallic film

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