Extraordinary eyes reveal hidden diversity within the holopelagic genus Paraphronima (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)

Stenvers, Vanessa I.; Gonzalez, Brett C.; Goetz, Freya; Hemmi, Jan M.; Jessop, Anna Lee; Lin, Chang-Shen; Hoving, Henk-Jan T.; Osborn, Karen J.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2021.103610

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Since we were able to measure interommatidial angles across the entire eye, differences in location of measurements are unlikely to explain these differences. Instead, the differences between individuals, sexes and species are a more likely explanation [ 10 ]. Further work is needed to document variation between individuals and sexes and to resolve species complexes so that observed differences can be correctly attributed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many widespread midwater species, including hyperiids, represent multiple species that have not yet been morphologically distinguished (e.g. [ 10 , 15 , 16 ]). For this reason, specimens are hereinafter referred to only by their genus names.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperiids have a tractable evolutionary history [5] and, despite the group consisting of only approximately 240 described species, their eye diversity rivals even that of the insects [6,7]. Hyperiids' apposition compound eyes consist of tens to thousands of individual ommatidia, but ommatidial configurations differ between genera, species and even sexes [6,[8][9][10]. What has driven the evolution of this diversity is unclear, but a few theories exist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional differences between the extraordinary eyes of deep-sea hyperiid amphipods

Jessop,

Bagheri,

Partridge

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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The ocean's midwater is a uniquely challenging yet predictable and simple visual environment. The need to see without being seen in this dim, open habitat has led to extraordinary visual adaptations. To understand these adaptations, we compared the morphological and functional differences between the eyes of three hyperiid amphipods— Hyperia galba , Streetsia challengeri and Phronima sedentaria . Combining micro-CT data with computational modelling, we mapped visual field topography and predicted detection distances for visual targets viewed in different directions through mesopelagic depths. Hyperia 's eyes provide a wide visual field optimized for spatial vision over short distances, while Phronima 's and Streetsia 's eyes have the potential to achieve greater sensitivity and longer detection distances using spatial summation. These improvements come at the cost of smaller visual fields, but this loss is compensated for by a second pair of eyes in Phronima and by behaviour in Streetsia . The need to improve sensitivity while minimizing visible eye size to maintain crypsis has likely driven the evolution of hyperiid eye diversity. Our results provide an integrative look at how these elusive animals have adapted to the unique visual challenges of the mesopelagic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Functional differences between the extraordinary eyes of deep-sea hyperiid amphipods

Jessop,

Bagheri,

Partridge

et al. 2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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First record of the epipelagic Cranocephalus scleroticus (Streets, 1878) (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters

Abdelsalam

Zakaria

2023

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research

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Re-appraisal of thylacocephalans (Euarthropoda, Thylacocephala) from the Jurassic La Voulte-sur-Rhône Lagerstätte

Laville,

Forel,

Charbonnier

2023

EJT

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Thylacocephalans are enigmatic euarthropods, known at least from the Silurian to the Cretaceous. Despite remaining uncertainties concerning their anatomy, key features can be recognised such as a shield enveloping most of the body, hypertrophied compound eyes, three pairs of raptorial appendages and a posterior trunk consisting of eight up to 22 segments bearing appendages and eight pairs of gills. Well-known for its euarthropod diversity, the La Voulte-sur-Rhône Lagerstätte (Callovian, Middle Jurassic, France) has provided many remains of four thylacocephalan species so far: Dollocaris ingens, Kilianicaris lerichei, Paraostenia voultensis and Clausocaris ribeti. In this paper, we study the type material as well as undescribed material. The re-description of La Voulte thylacocephalans reveals an unexpected diversity, with the description of two new species, Austriocaris secretanae sp. nov. and Paraclausocaris harpa gen. et sp. nov., and of specimens of Mayrocaris, a taxon originally described from Solnhofen Lagerstätten. We also reassign Clausocaris ribeti to Ostenocaris. The reappraisal of La Voulte thylacocephalans also provides important insight into the palaeobiology of Thylacocephala. New key anatomical features are described, such as an oval structure or a putative statocyst, which indicate a nektonic or nektobenthic lifestyle. Finally, we document a juvenile stage for Paraostenia voultensis.

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Extraordinary eyes reveal hidden diversity within the holopelagic genus Paraphronima (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea)

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Functional differences between the extraordinary eyes of deep-sea hyperiid amphipods

Functional differences between the extraordinary eyes of deep-sea hyperiid amphipods

First record of the epipelagic Cranocephalus scleroticus (Streets, 1878) (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters

Re-appraisal of thylacocephalans (Euarthropoda, Thylacocephala) from the Jurassic La Voulte-sur-Rhône Lagerstätte

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