Extraordinary propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network*

Abstract

In this paper, we design a one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network (1D APTSPROWN). Using the three-material network equation and the generalized Floquet–Bloch theorem, we investigate its photonic mode distribution, and observe weak extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points (WBPs) and strong extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points (SBPs). Then the transmission spectrum is obtained by using the three-material network equation and the generalized eigenfunction method. The 1D APTSPROWN is found to generate ultra-strong transmission near SBPs and ultra-weak transmission near WBPs and SBPs, with the maximal and minimal transmissions being 4.08× 1012 and 7.08× 10−52, respectively. The maximal transmission has the same order of magnitude as the best-reported result. It is not only because the distribution of photonic modes generated by the 1D APTSROWN results in the coupling resonance and anti-resonance, but also because the 1D APTSROWN composed of materials whose real parts of refractive indices are positive and negative has two kinds of phase effects, which results in the resonance and anti-resonance effects in the same kind of photonic modes. This demonstrates that the anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric optical waveguide networks are quite different, which leads to a more in-depth understanding of anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric structures. This work has the potential for paving a new approach to designing single photon emitters, optical amplifiers, and high-efficiency optical energy saver devices.

Engineered photonic spin Hall effect of Gaussian beam in antisymmetric parity-time metamaterials

“…APT materials have amplifier and loss compensation capabilities, enhancing and maintaining signal strength in signal transmission, and can be designed as single photon emitters, optical amplifiers, and high-efficiency optical energy saver devices. [36] We proceed to simulate the TS of the transmitted light in the APT metamaterials that introduce loss, as shown in Fig. 4.…”

Singular optical propagation properties of two types of one-dimensional anti- PT -symmetric periodic ring optical waveguide networks

“…In recent studies, Xu et al [29] discovered extremely strong and weak transmission phenomena in one-dimensional three-material anti-𝒫𝒯 -symmetric optical waveguide net-works using the method of searching for weak and strong extremum spontaneous symmetry breaking points. Chen et al [30] defined extreme mode points of anti-𝒫𝒯 -symmetric optical waveguide networks and found that they exhibit extremely strong transmission and reflection phenomena near these points.…”

Novel transmission property of zero-index metamaterial waveguide doped with gain and lossy defects

“…Nowdays non-Hermitian optic prevails among researchers in related fields due to their hyperphysical applications such as communications and lasing. [1][2][3] The PT symmetry can be implemented in optical systems because the gain and loss are easy to realize experimentally. By introducing equal amounts of gain and loss into a material to ensure that the refractive index satisfies n(x) = n * (−x), a PT-symmetric optical system is formed.…”