Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: A hospital-based retrospective review

Fader, Tim; Parks, John A.; Khan, Najeeb Ullah; Manning, Richard; Stokes, Sonya; Nasir, Nasir Ahmad

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2009.03.023

Cited by 43 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This observation of female preponderance in Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has also been report from most of the recent studies from the world and the region i.e. from Sudan (Ageep, 2012); Afghanistan (Fader et al, 2010); Turkey (Tatar et al, 2011) and Riyadh, KSA (AlOtaibi and El Hazmi, 2010). In contrast to our observation of reactive lymphadenopathies being more common than tuberculosis, there are two studies from Pakistan reporting tuberculous lymphadenopathy to be more common than reactive (Naseem et al, 2011;Fazal-I-wahid et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Pattern of Lymph Node Pathology in Western Saudi Arabia

Albasri

El-Siddig²,

Hussainy³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This study aimed to characterize the histopathological pattern of lymph node pathology among Saudi patients and to highlight the age and gender variations of these lesions as base line data. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from lymph node biopsy specimens received at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia from January 2006 to December 2013. Results: Of the 289 lymph node biopsy specimens received, 154 (53.3%) were from males and 135 (46.7%) from females giving a male: female ratio of 1.14:1. Age of the patients ranged from 2.5 to 96 years with a mean age 33.9 years. The commonest lymph node group affected was the cervical (30.4%) followed by axillary (9.7%) and inguinal (8.7%). Malignant lymphoma [71 Hodgkin's disease (HD), 57 non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)] 128 (44.3%), reactive hyperplasia 68 (23.5%), and tuberculosis 41 (14.2%) were the common causes of lymph node enlargement. While HD, reactive hyperplasia and tuberculosis were commonest in young adult patients (10-29 years old) and rare above the age of 50 years; NHL was the predominant cause of lymph node enlargement above 50 years. Conclusions: Lymph node biopsy plays an important role in establishing the cause of lymphadenopathy. Among the biopsied nodes, lymphomas were the most common (44.3%) followed by non-specific reactive hyperplasia (23.5%) and tuberculous lymphadenitis (14.2%).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Pattern of Lymph Node Pathology in Western Saudi Arabia

Albasri

El-Siddig²,

Hussainy³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The incidence of EPTB has increased worldwide. In the United States, EPTB represented 21% of all TB cases in 2006 against 15.7% in 1993 [4]. The same situation was observed in Turkey (32.5%), in Algeria (49.4%), in Germany (16.9%), in Spain (33.4%), and in China (9.7-11.8%) [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Evaluation of the BACTEC MGIT 960 TB with Solid Media for Recovery of Mycobacteria from Extrapulmonary Specimens in South Tunisia

S¹

2015

J Med Diagn Meth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The slow growth of M. tuberculosis complex is a major challenge for TB diagnosis, hence the importance of using media to obtain quick results. We compared the system MGIT960 to solid media: LJ and Coletsos in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A total of 634 extrapulmonary samples were processed for direct AFB smear examination, and culture on MGIT960 and solid media. 98 strains were isolated by the three media (15.4%). The mycobacterial recovery rate was 93.8%, 77.5% and 70.4% respectively for MGIT960, LJ and Coletsos media. The mean turnaround time for mycobacterial growth for MGIT960 was 18.5 ± 7.6 days. It was respectively 44.8 ± 19.3 and 42.8 ± 19 days for LJ and Coletsos media. Unlike most studies, the MGIT960 contamination rate (1.7%) was lower than that of solid media (2.2% for LJ and 2.5% for Coletsos). The MGIT 960 offers several advantages: speed, sensitivity and ease of use.

show abstract

“…This may be due to decreased local immunity in the lungs in the elderly as a result of associated malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, life-style factors (smoking) or diseases such as emphysema and bronchitis. 10,13,23 Adequate ventilation of the bedroom and material used as shutter for window (type of window material), were found statistically associated with EPTB, because of the fact that window-shutter made of glass or wood slit permits more air and light in the living space and makes indoor environment less humid, dry and healthier. EPTB found more common in households, who used grain husk and dry leaves as cooking fuel because on combustion, these cooking materials produce "less volatile substance" and "particulate matter of 2.5" compared to wood or dry dung.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12] The central nervous system was found next most frequent site of EPTB involvement, followed in descending order by skeletal, pleural, abdominal, cutaneous, genitourinary, pericardial, disseminated (military), and breast tuberculosis. 10 Literatures revealed, age, income, occupation, race, sex, malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, biomass fuel exposure, HIV positivity, diabetes, renal disease, drinking unpasteurized milk, as important factors for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. [13][14][15][16] The other likely socio-cultural factors were female illiteracy, female economic dependency and their poor access to health care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociocultural and host factors related to extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in rural Bangladesh: A case control study

Karim

Alam²,

Mamun³

et al. 2016

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bangladesh ranks sixth among higher TB burden countries. Extra-pulmonary TB contributes 12% of all tuberculosis cases in 2008. Risk factors for EPTB in Bangladesh are hypothesized to be different from pulmonary tuberculosis as seen in other high-burden countries. A case control study was conducted to compare the sociodemographic, household condition and lifestyle characteristics between extra pulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis. This case control study was conducted in thirteen sub districts of Pabna, Shirajgonj and Cox's Bazar districts from January to June 2013. The samples were classified as either extra pulmonary tuberculosis EPTB (cases) or pulmonary tuberculosis PTB (controls). A total of 490 participants including 245 extra pulmonary tuberculosis (cases) and 245 pulmonary tuberculosis (controls), who were being enrolled in DOTS treatment for last six months, were interviewed for epidemiological and clinical information using a standardized questionnaire. Children, adolescent and younger adults had four-time higher risk of being manifested with extra pulmonary tuberculosis [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 3.97; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.10 to 14.35] and (AOR 4.50; 95% CI 1.48 to 13.72). Respondents, who lived in their own houses showed three times more chance of getting extra pulmonary disease (AOR 3.11; 95% CI 1.15 to 8.39). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis was seven to eight times more likely to occur among those whose resided in bedrooms ventilated with one (p= .001) or more windows (p =.004) and having window shutter made of glasses or wood slit raised the probability of getting extra pulmonary involvement by twenty times. Households using grain husk and leaves as cooking fuel revealed seven times higher chance of being manifested as extra pulmonary tuberculosis (P <.001). Extra pulmonary cases were three times more common among respondents, who had no history of exposure with known tuberculosis cases than those who had frequent exposure history (AOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.24 to 7.34). Extra pulmonary tuberculosis was found 1.5 times more common among BCG vaccinated respondents than pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR 1.66; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.58). Younger age, house ownership, bedroom ventilation, fuel material used for cooking, contact history and BCG vaccination status might be the important risk factors for the extra pulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis relative to pulmonary tuberculosis.

show abstract

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Kabul, Afghanistan: A hospital-based retrospective review

Cited by 43 publications

References 54 publications

Pattern of Lymph Node Pathology in Western Saudi Arabia

Pattern of Lymph Node Pathology in Western Saudi Arabia

Evaluation of the BACTEC MGIT 960 TB with Solid Media for Recovery of Mycobacteria from Extrapulmonary Specimens in South Tunisia

Sociocultural and host factors related to extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in rural Bangladesh: A case control study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About