Extrapyramidal symptoms and oestrogen

Thompson, Katherine; Kulkarni, Jayashri; Sergejew, Alex

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.90067.x

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Fur-thermore, the estrogen group needed significantly less adjunctive anticholinergic medication to treat extrapyramidal side effects caused by haloperidol treatment. This finding is in line with other studies suggesting that estrogen treatment can also reduce the severity of antipsychotic medication-induced extrapyramidal side effects ( [47]). …”

Section: Intervention Studiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Estrogens and Gonadal Function in Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses

Riecher-Rössler¹,

Kulkarni

2010

Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Psychopharmacology

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Section: Intervention Studiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Estrogens and Gonadal Function in Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses

Riecher-Rössler¹,

Kulkarni

2010

Biological Basis of Sex Differences in Psychopharmacology

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“…This may be due to the disease itself or the treatment given. The decreased BMD can be attributed to drug-induced decreases in levels of estrogen (Thompson et al, 2000;Salokangas, 1995;Riecher-Rossler & Hafner, 1993) and testosterone (Baptiste et al, 1999); it can also be attributed to polydipsia and decreased calcium to smoking, and to increased activity of several interleukins as well as to hyperprolactinemia (Dickson and Glazer, 1999) and hypercortisolemia (Halbreich & Palter, 1996). Additionally, it is reported that certain neuroleptics induce increased urinary Ca excretion through suppression of active vitamin D3 formation and that chronic treatment with certain neuroleptics may induce abnormal bone mineralization (Higuchi et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Classical and Atypical Neuroleptics, and Bone Mineral Density, in Patients With Schizophrenia

Bilici¹,

Çakırbay²,

Güler³

et al. 2002

International Journal of Neuroscience

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There are some reports that classical neuroleptics may lead to osteoporosis or reduced bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is no adequate information about the effects of atypical neuroleptics on BMD. The aim of this study was to measure BMD in schizophrenic patients taking classical and atypical neuroleptics, compared to healthy controls. Seventy-five patients with schizophrenia (40 taking classical neuroleptics [CN], 35 taking atypical neuroleptics [AN]) and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. Spine (L1-L4) BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. ANOVA showed that BMD was higher in HC than AN and CN. In addition, there was a negative correlation between the duration of neuroleptic treatment and BMD and the duration of the illness. These findings suggest that atypical neuroleptics may be safer than the classical neuroleptics in terms of reduced BMD.

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“…Thompson et al [95]) found clearly fewer EPS in patients with higher oestrogen plasma levels. The current state of research suggests that oestrogen may protect against EPS and TD [87], but due to inconsistent results and lack of exact testing of all the relevant factors the effect cannot yet be regarded as established [96,97].…”

Section: Oestrogen and Eps In Antipsychotic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Oestrogen-A Protective Factor in Schizophrenia?

Häfner¹,

Ehrenreich²,

Gattaz³

et al. 2006

CPSR

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Gender differences in schizophrenia, in the age of onset, course, lifetime risk, age distribution of onsets over the life cycle and clinical symptoms will be reviewed from the literature and our own studies. Also, the pre-and postmenopausal course of illness in women will be explored. Explanations for the gender differences using "normal" behavioural sex differences and the protective oestrogen hypothesis will be discussed. The hypothesis of the "protective" effect of oestrogen is based on findings from animal experiments, epidemiological and clinical studies. Oestrogen acts similarly on D 2 , 5-HT A2 and NMDA receptors in both the neurochemical and genomic domains. The neuroprotective effects of oestrogen on a genomic and cellular level might also favourably affect degenerative processes in schizophrenia. The lack of a gender difference in age of onset in familial schizophrenia due to a lower age of onset in pre-menopausal, genetically predisposed women strongly suggests an antagonistic balance between predisposition to the illness and the oestrogen effect.Oestrogen treatment plus antipsychotic therapy, compared with antipsychotic therapy alone, accelerates symptom remission in both women and men, thus corroborating the antipsychotic properties of oestrogen. Oestrogen is the only known substance with preventive potential in schizophrenia. However, health risks associated with long-term oestrogen treatment require careful weighing up of risks and benefits for patients. Future efforts to develop oestrogen-like compounds which do not affect breast and uterine tissue must be strongly encouraged.

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Extrapyramidal symptoms and oestrogen

Abstract: On the basis of these findings, and receptor studies in animals, it was concluded that oestrogen has different effects on dopamine dynamics in the mesolimbic and mesostriatal pathways.

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Estrogens and Gonadal Function in Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses

Estrogens and Gonadal Function in Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses

Classical and Atypical Neuroleptics, and Bone Mineral Density, in Patients With Schizophrenia

Oestrogen-A Protective Factor in Schizophrenia?

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