Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the parotid gland

Abstract

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a rare tumor with an estimated incidence of <3% among of all soft-tissue sarcomas. It is characterized by a multinodular architecture, abundant myxoid matrix, and malignant chondroblast-like cells arranged in cords. The tumor is an entity from chondrosarcomas of bones, commonly found in the soft tissues of the lower extremities at 80%. There are very limited reports of this tumor in the head and neck, especially in the parotid gland. The purpose of this paper is to describe an EMC located at an unusual site in the parotid gland, and briefly, the literature review with special reference to the clinicopathological features and the treatment approach was discussed.

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the gingival: a rare case report and review of the literature

“…Approximately 20% of the cases are located in the trunk, mainly in skeletal muscles, tendons and the deep subcutis; a few cases involve the skin and bone tissue, whereas rare sites include the vulva and the breast [ 5 , 6 ]. After we retrospect 48 cases from 1981–2022 which took place in the head and neck region [ 1 , 7 ], we found that males account for 60.4%( n = 29), while females make up 37.5%( n = 18), and 2.1%( n = 1 case) was unavailable, the male-to-female ratio of about 1.5:1 (Fig. 5 A).…”

“…The pathogenesis of EMC remains controversial. Surgical or accidental trauma may be key factors, along with the inhalation of chemical carcinogens such as hydrocarbons [ 1 , 7 ]. Our patient did not report any intraoral region trauma.…”

Complete response to preoperative multimodal therapy of a persistent extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the trunk: A case report

“…er extremities (80%) and the superficial trunk (20%) [4]. Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) are rare tumors, with a variety of histological subtypes characterized by peculiar clinical features and specific therapeutic options [5].…”

18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Ovarian Myxoid Chondrosarcoma

“…2,3 It rarely occurs in solid organs. 4,5 Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma has a low to moderate malignant potential and exhibits local recurrence rates ranging from 37% to 48% and distant metastasis rates ranging from 13% to 46%. 6 Previous study reported moderate FDG uptake (2.8-7.4) in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, 7 which aligns with the findings observed in this case.…”

“…Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor with unclear differentiation, which tends to occur in the proximal limb 2,3. It rarely occurs in solid organs 4,5. Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma has a low to moderate malignant potential and exhibits local recurrence rates ranging from 37% to 48% and distant metastasis rates ranging from 13% to 46% 6.…”