Extraversion and Emotional Reactivity.

Lucas, Richard E.; Baird, Brendan M.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.3.473

Cited by 220 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Two core aspects of extraversion are positive affect and a tendency to seek out and participate in social situations (Lucas and Diener, 2001;Lucas and Baird, 2004). Both these aspects of extraversion are related to hemispheric asymmetries in the PFC, as lesser right vs. left-sided anterior electrophysiological activity is associated with positive affect and approach behaviors (Tomarken et al, 1990;Tomarken et al, 1992;Davidson, 2004bDavidson, , 2004a.…”

Section: Structural Correlates Of Extraversion Across the Age Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical correlates of personality in the elderly

et al. 2007

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Extraversion and neuroticism are two important and frequently studied dimensions of human personality. They describe individual differences in emotional responding that are quite stable across the adult lifespan. Neuroimaging research has begun to provide evidence that neuroticism and extraversion have specific neuroanatomical correlates within the cerebral cortex and amygdala of young adults. However, these brain areas undergo alterations in size with aging, which may influence the nature of these personality factor-brain structure associations in the elderly. One study in the elderly demonstrated associations between perisylvian cortex structure and measures of self transcendence (Kaasinen et al., 2005), but the neuroanatomical correlates of extraversion and neuroticism, or other measures of the Five Factor Model of personality have not been explored. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the structural correlates of neuroticism and extraversion in healthy elderly subjects (n=29) using neuroanatomic measures of the cerebral cortex and amygdala. We observed that the thickness of specific lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions, but not amygdala volume, correlates with measures of extraversion and neuroticism. The results suggest differences in the regional neuroanatomic correlates of specific personality traits with aging. We speculate that this relates to the influences of age-related structural changes in the PFC.

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Section: Structural Correlates Of Extraversion Across the Age Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical correlates of personality in the elderly

et al. 2007

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“…For example, two recent fMRI studies by Canli and colleagues (9,10) showed that extroversion positively correlates with phasic blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity in the PFC and amygdala during the presentation of positively valanced faces, whereas neuroticism increases in association with middle temporal and frontal cortical activation during the presentation of negatively valanced faces. Collectively, these observations have led to the hypothesis that extroverts and neurotics are phenomenologically attuned to stimuli of positive and negative emotional significance, respectively (4,7,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings reported herein strongly favor the hypothesis that personality style is a mediating factor in the neurobiological regions known to be involved in humor appreciation and help to resolve inconsistent results from previous neuroimaging studies of this important human phenomenon. mentioned above (4,7,18), we restricted our analysis to extroversion and neuroticism. Resultant T scores were correlated with behavioral data, regions of interest, and whole-brain BOLD signal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality predicts activity in reward and emotional regions associated with humor

Mobbs

Hagan

Azim

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

127

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Previous research and theory suggest that two stable personality dimensions, extroversion and neuroticism, differentially influence emotional reactivity to a variety of pleasurable phenomena. Here, we use event-related functional MRI to address the putative neural and behavioral associations between humor appreciation and the personality dimensions of introversion-extroversion and emotional stability-neuroticism. Our analysis showed extroversion to positively correlate with humor-driven blood oxygenation leveldependent signal in discrete regions of the right orbital frontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and bilateral temporal cortices. Introversion correlated with increased activation in several regions, most prominently the bilateral amygdala. Although neuroticism did not positively correlate with any whole-brain activation, emotional stability (i.e., the inverse of neuroticism) correlated with increased activation in the mesocortical-mesolimbic reward circuitry encompassing the right orbital frontal cortex, caudate, and nucleus accumbens. Our findings tie together existing neurobiological studies of humor appreciation and are compatible with the notion that personality style plays a fundamental role in the neurobiological systems subserving humor appreciation.S ince Eysenck and Jung (1-3) described their pioneering and highly influential views of personality, it has been widely acknowledged that laughter and merriment are common characteristics of the extroverted individual. Both empirical and anecdotal observations point to extroverts as having a higher frequency of laughter, smiling, feelings of subjective well-being, and an increased propensity to tell jokes (4, 5). The opposite is thought to be true of neurotics, who are epitomized by decreased feelings of subjective well-being, expressive laughter, smiling, and increased negative emotionality (4,(6)(7)(8). Although these stable individual differences in personality are posited to be deeply rooted in the brain's functional (9-11) and structural architecture (12), little is known of how they are associated with the underlying neurobiological systems responsible for the emotive and hedonic regulation associated with humor appreciation.Historically, a considerable body of clinicopathological literature, most famously Harlow's (13-16) lucid depiction of Phineas Gage, point to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) as a pivotal player in the maintenance of personality. With the recent emergence of functional MRI (fMRI), coupled with well validated measures of personality (17), the neuroscience community has witnessed a rekindled interest in the neural systems mediated by personality (11). For example, two recent fMRI studies by Canli and colleagues (9, 10) showed that extroversion positively correlates with phasic blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity in the PFC and amygdala during the presentation of positively valanced faces, whereas neuroticism increases in association with middle temporal and frontal cortical activation during the presentation o...

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“…However, evidence supporting this hypothesis has been mixed and more recent studies comparing responses of extraverts vs. introverts after having been exposed to natural or laboratory positive stimuli have yielded null results (e.g., Lucas & Baird, 2004;Lucas et al, 2008). Some authors have highlighted the difference between wanting (i.e., reward desire) and liking (i.e., reward enjoyment), and recent data seems to be consistent with the view that extraversion is more associated with wanting than with liking (Smillie, 2013a;Smillie, Cooper, Wilt, & Revelle, 2012).…”

Section: The Core Features Of Extraversionmentioning

confidence: 94%

El poder de los extravertidos: Evaluando la regulación de estados de ánimo positivos y negativos

Hervás

López‐Gómez

2016

AN PSICOL-SPAIN

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Título: El poder de los extravertidos: Evaluando la regulación de estados de ánimo positivos y negativos. Resumen: La extraversión es un rasgo de personalidad que ha sido sistemáticamente relacionado con el afecto positivo y el bienestar. Uno de los mecanismos que puede dar cuenta de estos efectos positivos es la habilidad para responder a los estados de ánimo tanto negativos como positivos. La investigación previa ha encontrado que el mayor mantenimiento de estados de ánimo positivos que logran los extravertidos podría explicar sus niveles elevados de afecto positivo. Sin embargo, las investigaciones que han explorado las diferencias entre extravertidos e introvertidos en cuanto a la regulación del estado de ánimo negativo han dado lugar a resultados mixtos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar el papel de las diferentes facetas de la regulación emocional desplegadas por los extravertidos, ambivertidos e introvertidos. Tras ser inducidos a un estado de ánimo triste o alegre, los participantes fueron sometidos a una tarea de regulación emocional. Los participantes extravertidos y ambivertidos mostraron un nivel de regulación del estado de ánimo positivo mejor que los introvertidos, pero un nivel similar de regulación del estado de ánimo triste. Por tanto, esta investigación destaca la importancia de la regulación de estados de ánimo positivos en el funcionamiento psicológico de los extravertidos, y abre nuevas conceptualizaciones para desarrollar intervenciones en las que los introvertidos puedan mejorar la regulación de sus estados de ánimo positivos y, en consecuencia, mejorar su nivel general de afecto positivo y de bienestar. Palabras clave: Extraversión; regulación anímica; afecto positivo, regulación de estados de ánimo positivos, reparación anímica.Abstract: Extraversion is a personality trait which has been systematically related to positive affect and well-being. One of the mechanisms that may account for these positive outcomes is the ability to regulate the responses to positive, as well as negative, moods. Prior research has found that extraverts' higher positive mood maintenance could explain their higher levels of positive affect. However, research exploring differences between extraverts and introverts in negative mood regulation has yielded mixed results. The aim of the current study was explore the role of different facets of mood regulation displayed by extraverts, ambiverts, and introverts. After been exposed to a sad vs. happy mood induction, participants underwent a mood regulation task. Extraverts and ambiverts exhibited higher positive mood regulation than introverts, but similar mood repair. Thus, this research highlights the importance of positive mood regulation in the psychological functioning of extraverts, and opens new conceptualizations for developing interventions for introverts to improve their positive mood regulation and, hence, overall positive affect and well-being.

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Extraversion and Emotional Reactivity.

Cited by 220 publications

References 51 publications

Neuroanatomical correlates of personality in the elderly

Neuroanatomical correlates of personality in the elderly

Personality predicts activity in reward and emotional regions associated with humor

El poder de los extravertidos: Evaluando la regulación de estados de ánimo positivos y negativos

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