Extraversion and neuroticism as predictors of objective life events: A longitudinal analysis.

Magnus, Keith B.; Diener, Ed; Fujita, Frank; Pavot, William

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.65.5.1046

Cited by 560 publications

(485 citation statements)

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“…On a more general note, the present findings suggest that the occurrence of important transitions in romantic relationships is not independent of an individual's level of self-esteem, which is consistent with findings on other personality characteristics such as the Big Five personality traits (Headey & Wearing, 1989;Kandler et al, 2012;Lüdtke et al, 2011;Magnus et al, 1993;Vaidya et al, 2002). Thus, self-esteem is not merely an outcome of a person's life circumstances, but influences which environments a person selects (cf.…”

Section: Selection Effects Of Self-esteem On Relationship Transitionssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Starting in 2008, participants have been assessed yearly for five years. The sample consists of three birth cohorts, specifically participants born in 1971-1973(Cohort 1), 1981-1983(Cohort 2), and 1991-1993. A detailed description of pairfam can be found in Huinink et al (2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Becker, et al, 2015). Several studies have shown that extraverted individuals are more likely to experience positive life events, whereas neurotic individuals are more likely to experience negative life events (e.g., Headey & Wearing, 1989;Magnus et al, 1993). Given the negative relation between neuroticism and self-esteem, as well as the positive relation between extraversion and self-esteem (e.g., Erdle, Gosling, & Potter, 2009), high selfesteem might select for positive life events, such as the transition into a relationship, whereas low self-esteem might select for negative life events, such as the break-up of a relationship.…”

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Transitions in romantic relationships and development of self-esteem.

Luciano

Orth

2017

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

114

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Research suggests that self-esteem increases during late adolescence and young adulthood, but that there is large interindividual variability in this development. However, little is known about the factors accounting for these findings. Using propensity score matching, we tested whether important transitions in the domain of romantic relationships (i.e., beginning a relationship, marrying, and breaking up) explain why individuals differ in the particular selfesteem trajectory they follow. Data came from a longitudinal German study with a large sample of three nationally representative cohorts of late adolescents and young adults (total N = 9,069).The analyses were based on four assessments across a three-year period. Using matched samples, the results showed that beginning a relationship increased self-esteem and that the increase persisted when the relationship held at least for one year. Experiencing a relationship break-up decreased self-esteem, but the effect disappeared after one year, even if the participant stayed single. Marrying did not influence self-esteem. Additionally, we tested for selection effects of self-esteem on the later occurrence of relationship transitions. High self-esteem predicted the beginning of a relationship and low self-esteem predicted relationship break-up. All findings held across gender, age, and migration background. Furthermore, relationship quality mediated the effect of self-esteem on relationship break-up and the effect of beginning a longer vs. a short relationship on self-esteem. The findings have significant implications because they show that self-esteem influences whether important transitions occur in the relationship domain and that, in turn, experiencing these transitions influences the further development of self-esteem.Keywords: self-esteem development, life transitions, romantic relationships, propensity score matching, longitudinal ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS AND SELF-ESTEEM DEVELOPMENT 3 Transitions in Romantic Relationships and Development of Self-EsteemIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of self-esteem.Research has shown that self-esteem-which is defined as "an individual's subjective evaluation of her or his worth as a person" (Donnellan, Trzesniewski, & Robins, 2011, p.718)-typically increases during late adolescence and young adulthood, but that individuals differ substantially in the particular self-esteem trajectory they follow (e.g., Orth & Robins, 2014;Trzesniewski, Donnellan, & Robins, 2013). However, surprisingly little is known about the factors that shape self-esteem development. Although many researchers assume that events occurring in a person's life such as establishing a romantic relationship or being promoted have the potential to affect a person's level of self-esteem, only few studies have actually tested whether important life events and life transitions influence self-esteem (see Orth & Luciano, 2015). Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of the factors that account for individual differenc...

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Section: Selection Effects Of Self-esteem On Relationship Transitionssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transitions in romantic relationships and development of self-esteem.

Luciano

Orth

2017

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

114

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“…To date, very few studies have investigated longitudinal personality trait development in response to life experiences and distinct life events, and the reported effects are only modest with inconsistent results across studies (Costa et al 2000;Löckenhoff et al 2009;Magnus et al 1993;Vaidya et al 2002). For example, Costa et al (2000) investigated the occurrence of specific life events in a sample of 2,274 middle-aged adults.…”

Section: Personality Trait Development In Midlifementioning

confidence: 99%

Personality trait development in midlife: exploring the impact of psychological turning points

2010

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This study examined long-term personality trait development in midlife and explored the impact of psychological turning points on personality change. Selfdefined psychological turning points reflect major changes in the ways people think or feel about an important part of their life, such as work, family, and beliefs about themselves and about the world. This study used longitudinal data from the Midlife in the US survey to examine personality trait development in adults aged 40-60 years. The Big Five traits were assessed in 1995 and 2005 by means of self-descriptive adjectives. Seven types of self-identified psychological turning points were obtained in 1995. Results indicated relatively high stability with respect to rankorders and mean-levels of personality traits, and at the same time reliable individual differences in change. This implies that despite the relative stability of personality traits in the overall sample, some individuals show systematic deviations from the sample mean-levels. Psychological turning points in general showed very little influence on personality trait change, although some effects were found for specific types of turning points that warrant further research, such as discovering that a close friend or relative was a much better person than one thought they were.

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“…For example, individuals high in Neuroticism experience more stressful events, whereas those high in Extraversion experience both more stressful and more pleasurable events (Bolger and Schilling, 1991;Fergusson and Horwood, 1987;Magnus et al, 1993;Suls et al, 1998). Moreover, Neuroticism predisposes people to experience negative emotions and distress, regardless of level of stress (Bolger and Schilling, 1991;Watson and Clark, 1984.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%