Extraversion, social support processes, and stress

Swickert, Rhonda; Rosentreter, Christina J; Hittner, James B.; Mushrush, Jane E

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00093-9

Cited by 313 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Kohn, Hay, & Legere (1994) also reported that students who used emotion-focused coping reported higher perceived stress than those who scored low on this coping style. In terms of personality, Swickert et al (2002) showed a significant main effect of extraversion on stress in undergraduate students and also provided evidence for the unique prediction of stress by extraversion and social support. Also of relevance to the research presented previously in the thesis is that in this study direct effects but not interactive effects were established, despite a correlation between the two predictor variables.…”

Section: Psychologymentioning

confidence: 74%

The Student Well-Being Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ)

Williams¹,

Pendlebury²,

Thomas³

et al. 2017

PSYCH

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Recent research has used short questionnaires based on single item versions of psychosocial concepts to assess well-being. This has largely been confined to occupational samples and the present article describes the extension of this process to university students. The Student Well-being Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ) was used to examine predictors of positive well-being, negative mental health and cognitive function. An online survey was used with 478 first and second year undergraduates as participants. Regression analyses showed that positive well-being (e.g. happiness, positive affect and life satisfaction) was predicted by positive personality (high optimism, self-esteem and self-efficacy), high social support and low stressors and low negative coping scores. Negative outcomes (e.g. perceived stress, anxiety and depression) were predicted by high stressor, coping and conscientiousness scores, and low positive personality and social support scores. Cognitive problems were predicted by high stressor and negative coping scores and low positive personality scores. A MANOVA showed that there were no significant interactions between the predictor variables. The best predictor of all outcomes was a combined score including all predictor variables. Overall, the present study shows that the Student WPQ can provide useful information on predictors of different aspects of well-being. Future research can include additional potential predictors and other outcomes to determine whether other factors are significant when established predictors are adjusted for.

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Section: Psychologymentioning

confidence: 74%

The Student Well-Being Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ)

Williams¹,

Pendlebury²,

Thomas³

et al. 2017

PSYCH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Extraversion was included in the present study as a potential covariate because extraversion was found to be related to social relationships (e.g., Kitamura et al 2002;Swickert et al 2002) and life satisfaction (e.g., Herringer 1998;Zhang 2005) in the literature. The extraversion scale of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) (John et al 1991) was used.…”

Section: Extraversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social support and life satisfaction among Hong Kong Chinese older adults: family first?

2007

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Family members and friends are important for the psychological well being of older adults. The present study examined the relative contribution of these two sources of support to life satisfaction among Chinese older adults living in Hong Kong. The moderating role of familism, which represents the commitment of family members to the family, was also examined. One hundred and eight Chinese older adults participated in the study. Findings suggest that, in general, family support contributes more to the life satisfaction of older adults than does friend support. While emotional support from family members is beneficial to life satisfaction of older adults regardless of individual differences in familism, instrumental support contributes more to life satisfaction for older adults with higher familism.

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“…In chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), alpha males have consistent individual differences in grooming and aggression patterns (Foster et al 2009). Finally, in humans (Homo sapiens), sociability and its higherlevel personality construct extraversion (Costa and McCrae 1992) predict the likelihood of having children (Jokela et al 2009), initiation of social contacts (Buchanan et al 2005), size of social networks (Swickert et al 2002) and sexual activity (Nettle 2005;Schmitt 2004). Taken together, sociability figures consistently in many primate species, and has significant fitness consequences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social personality traits in chimpanzees: temporal stability and structure of behaviourally assessed personality traits in three captive populations

Koski

2011

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

100

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Animals of many species show consistency in behaviour across time and contexts that differs from other individuals' behaviour in the same population. Such 'personality' affects fitness and has therefore become an increasingly relevant research topic in biology. However, consistent variation in social behaviour is understudied. In socially living species, behaviour occurs in a social environment and social interactions have a significant influence on individual fitness. This study addressed personality in social behaviour of 75 captive chimpanzees in three zoos by coding observed behaviour. Fifteen behavioural variables were significantly repeatable (range 0.21-0.93) in at least two of the three zoos. The behaviours showed considerable long-term stability across 3 years, which did not differ from the shortterm repeatability. The repeatable behaviours were then analysed with factor analyses. They formed five independent factors, three of which consisted of social traits and were labelled 'sociability', 'positive affect' and 'equitability'. The two non-social behaviour factors were labelled 'anxiety' and 'activity'. The factor scores were analysed for sex and population differences. Males had higher factor scores in all traits except 'sociability'. The factor scores differed also between the zoos, implying considerable external effects in trait expression. The results show that chimpanzees show personality in a broad range of social and non-social behaviours. The study highlights the importance of assessing personality in the social behaviour, especially in cohesive social species, as only then can we understand the consequences of personality in socially living species.

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Extraversion, social support processes, and stress

Cited by 313 publications

References 33 publications

The Student Well-Being Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ)

The Student Well-Being Process Questionnaire (Student WPQ)

Social support and life satisfaction among Hong Kong Chinese older adults: family first?

Social personality traits in chimpanzees: temporal stability and structure of behaviourally assessed personality traits in three captive populations

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