Extreme carbon-isotope enrichments in evaporating brines

Stiller, M.; Rounick, J. S.; Shasha, S.

doi:10.1038/316434a0

Cited by 151 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…C values like those recorded near the top of the section in unit 3 are consistent with values observed in highly productive brine lakes (e.g., Katz and Kolodny, 1977;Stiller et al, 1985). Another possible mechanism for increased δ…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation and erosion during the Pliocene-Quaternary in the Qaidam Basin (China)

Heermance

Pullen

Kapp

et al. 2013

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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supporting

confidence: 67%

Climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation and erosion during the Pliocene-Quaternary in the Qaidam Basin (China)

Heermance

Pullen

Kapp

et al. 2013

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…Alteration fluids that reacted with the CM chondrites are inferred to have had far higher pH values (10-12; Zolensky, 1984) and are not expected to have evolved a substantial fraction of their dissolved inorganic carbon as CO 2 . More importantly, kinetic isotope effects associated with evaporation of carbonate-bearing aqueous solutions typically also lead to increases in the δ 18 O value of the residual solution (Stiller et al, 1985;Knauth et al, 2003). There is no evidence for such 18 O enrichment in the solutions that altered the CM chondritesin fact, the opposite trend is observed in Figure 1-2.…”

Section: Correlation Between δ 13 C Of the Carbonates And δ 18 O Of Tmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Such processes lead to 13 C enrichment of dissolved inorganic carbon in evaporating Dead Sea brines (Stiller et al, 1985), caliches (Knauth et al, 2003) and cryogenic weathering products (Clark and Lauriol, 1992). However, significant CO 2 degassing in evaporating Dead Sea brines is caused by low pH of those brines (3.7-6.0; Stiller et al, 1985). Alteration fluids that reacted with the CM chondrites are inferred to have had far higher pH values (10-12; Zolensky, 1984) and are not expected to have evolved a substantial fraction of their dissolved inorganic carbon as CO 2 .…”

Section: Correlation Between δ 13 C Of the Carbonates And δ 18 O Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperatures of aqueous alteration and evidence for methane generation on the parent bodies of the CM chondrites

Guo

Eiler

2007

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

221

214

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“…Oxygen and carbon stable isotopic covariation has also been documented in evaporating Dead Sea brines (Stiller et al, 1985), degassing epithermal systems (Zheng, 1990) and laboratory experiments (Ufnar et al, 2008;Abongwa and Atekwana, 2013). Although several hydrological models incorporate evaporative effects in their isotopic determinations (Appelo, 2002;Cappa et al, 2003;Jones et al, 2005;Jones and Imbers, 2010), only one of these models explicitly addresses the coupled effects of evaporation on oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation (Deininger et al, 2012).…”

Section: Evaporation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

Horton

Defliese

Tripati

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

148

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a b s t r a c tGrowing pressure on sustainable water resource allocation in the context of global development and rapid environmental change demands rigorous knowledge of how regional water cycles change through time. One of the most attractive and widely utilized approaches for gaining this knowledge is the analysis of lake carbonate stable isotopic compositions. However, endogenic carbonate archives are sensitive to a variety of natural processes and conditions leaving isotopic datasets largely underdetermined. As a consequence, isotopic researchers are often required to assume values for multiple parameters, including temperature of carbonate formation or lake water d 18 O, in order to interpret changes in hydrologic conditions. Here, we review and analyze a global compilation of 57 lacustrine dual carbon and oxygen stable isotope records with a topical focus on the effects of shifting hydrologic balance on endogenic carbonate isotopic compositions.Through integration of multiple large datasets we show that lake carbonate d 18 O values and the lake waters from which they are derived are often shifted by >þ10‰ relative to source waters discharging into the lake. The global pattern of d 18 O and d 13 C covariation observed in >70% of the records studied and in several evaporation experiments demonstrates that isotopic fractionations associated with lake water evaporation cause the heavy carbon and oxygen isotope enrichments observed in most lakes and lake carbonate records. Modeled endogenic calcite compositions in isotopic equilibrium with lake source waters further demonstrate that evaporation effects can be extreme even in lake records where d 18 O and d 13 C covariation is absent. Aridisol pedogenic carbonates show similar isotopic responses to evaporation, and the relevance of evaporative modification to paleoclimatic and paleotopographic research using endogenic carbonate proxies are discussed.Recent advances in stable isotope research techniques present unprecedented opportunities to overcome the underdetermined nature of stable isotopic data through integration of multiple isotopic proxies, including dual element 13 C-excess values and clumped isotope temperature estimates. We demonstrate the utility of applying these multi-proxy approaches to the interpretation of paleohydroclimatic conditions in ancient lake systems. Understanding past, present, and future hydroclimatic systems is a global imperative. Significant progress should be expected as these modern research techniques become more widely applied and integrated with traditional stable isotopic proxies.

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Extreme carbon-isotope enrichments in evaporating brines

Cited by 151 publications

References 10 publications

Climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation and erosion during the Pliocene-Quaternary in the Qaidam Basin (China)

Climatic and tectonic controls on sedimentation and erosion during the Pliocene-Quaternary in the Qaidam Basin (China)

Temperatures of aqueous alteration and evidence for methane generation on the parent bodies of the CM chondrites

Evaporation induced 18O and 13C enrichment in lake systems: A global perspective on hydrologic balance effects

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