Extreme lean gasoline technology – best efficiency and lowest emission powertrains

Adomeit, Philipp; Scharf, Johannes; Thewes, Matthias; Morcinkowski, Bastian; Hoppe, Patrick; Esposito, Stefania; Böhmer, Marius

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-17109-4_8

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…A 7-fold decrease in NOx emissions can be observed between the lean limit without H 2 (λ = 1.63), and the lean limit with H 2 (λ = 1.98). Adomeit et al [18] have reported similar trends and NOx emissions below 50 ppm for λ values higher than 1.85 for this same operating point.…”

Section: Low Load Investigations At 2000 Rpmsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…It means that a better trade-off between efficiency and uHC emissions could be obtained without reaching the dilution limit with hydrogen which would remain beneficial for NOx emissions reduction. Adomeit et al [18] have reported a similar maximal efficiency of around 38% at λ = 1.6 but here higher efficiencies are reached thanks to the additional dilution up to λ = 1.8. It can also be noted that this indicated efficiency is related to the total fuel injected in the combustion chamber (including thus gasoline and hydrogen) but that the energy required to produce hydrogen is not taken into account.…”

Section: Low Load Investigations At 2000 Rpmmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Indeed, efficient turbochargers will be required for future lean burn SI engines to provide the necessary boosting pressure with a good efficiency to prevent from downgrading the improved combustion efficiency obtained thanks to ultra-lean mixtures. Different solutions can be considered such as variable turbines, double stage turbocharging systems, or single stage electrically assisted turbochargers and the final choice will not only depend on energy efficiency, but also on transient performance [18].…”

Section: Exhaust Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

Zaccardi¹,

Pilla²

2019

SAE Int. J. Adv. & Curr. Prac. in Mobility

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Performance of lean burn gasoline spark-ignition engines can be enhanced through hydrogen supplementation. Thanks to its physicochemical properties, hydrogen supports the flame propagation and extends the dilution limits with improved combustion stability. These interesting features usually result in decreased emissions and improved efficiencies which is of the utmost importance for future SI engines targeting ultra-lean conditions at λ ≥ 2 and brake thermal efficiencies above 50%. Compared to previous studies of hydrogen supplementation, this article aims at demonstrating how hydrogen can support the combustion process with a modern combustion system optimized for extreme dilution rates and high efficiency. Experimental investigations performed with a single cylinder engine are reported and show that the minimal amount of hydrogen required to reach λ = 2 is in the range of 2 to 4% of the total intake volume flow rate. At low load, NOx emissions can be lowered down to 33 ppm at λ = 2 and results also show that a 10-fold decrease in NOx emissions is possible when the dilution rate increases from the lean limit without hydrogen up to λ = 2. In those ultra-lean conditions, particle emissions are also significantly lowered. Unburned energy is around 5% in low load conditions at λ = 2 but the engine-out unburned hydrocarbon concentration is maintained at an acceptable level. At high load, combustion timings can be improved thanks to the increase in the maximal dilution rate and to the better auto-ignition resistance of hydrogen. Consequently, the indicated efficiency is increased by more than 6% abs. compared to the reference stoichiometric conditions. Finally, a maximal indicated efficiency of 47.0% is obtained at λ = 2 with 3% of hydrogen at 3000 rpm-13 bar IMEP. For this operating point, similar performance are obtained with a dual air/EGR dilution.

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Section: Low Load Investigations At 2000 Rpmsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Low Load Investigations At 2000 Rpmmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Exhaust Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

Zaccardi¹,

Pilla²

2019

SAE Int. J. Adv. & Curr. Prac. in Mobility

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The CVVL system was used in conjunction with dual VCT, providing maximum flexibility of intake valve lift profiles to achieve the optimum balance of pumping losses, effective compression ratio, charge motion and internal residuals. The high level of flexibility also allows independent optimisation for stoichiometric and lean operation [21].…”

Section: Combustion Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus has returned to leanhomogeneous combustion systems, which produce the lowest engineout NOx emissions. Advanced fuel-injection, ignition, valvetrain and boosting technologies have been employed to increase the air-fuel ratio possible with stable combustion [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. This paper presents an experimental study of both multi-cylinder engine and vehicle performance with a lean-homogeneous combustion system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Premium Vehicle CO₂ Reduction

Osborne¹,

Lane²,

Turner³

et al. 2021

SAE Technical Paper Series

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In an era of rapidly increasing vehicle electrification, the gasoline engine remains a vital part of the passenger car powertrain portfolio. Lean-burn combustion is a formidable means for reducing the CO2 emissions of gasoline engines but demands the use of sophisticated emissions control.A 2.0 litre turbocharged direct-injection gasoline engine has been developed with a lean homogeneous combustion system matched to a robust lean and stoichiometric-capable exhaust aftertreatment. The aftertreatment system includes an SCR system and a GPF with filtration down to 10 nm particle size. The engine is equipped with a continuously variable valve-lift system, high-tumble ports and a highenergy ignition system; the boosting system comprises a variable geometry turbocharger and a 48 V electrical supercharger.The work reported formed part of the PaREGEn (Particle Reduced, Efficient Gasoline Engines) project under the Horizon 2020 framework programme. In this project, further development of gasoline engines as used in mid to premium-sized cars was undertaken, with the objective to reduce CO2 emissions by 15% under Euro 6d RDE (Real Driving Emissions) legislation and with particle number emissions measured down to 10 nm. This paper will give a detailed treatment of the multi-cylinder engine and vehicle development undertaken. The engine delivered BSFC benefits exceeding 10% and a peak brake thermal efficiency of 42%, while the vehicle demonstrated a NOx conformity factor below 1.0 in independent RDE tests.

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Storage and Oxidation of Oxygen-Free and Oxygenated Hydrocarbons on a Pt–Pd Series Production Oxidation Catalyst

et al. 2018

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Extreme lean gasoline technology – best efficiency and lowest emission powertrains

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

A New Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Premium Vehicle CO₂ Reduction

Storage and Oxidation of Oxygen-Free and Oxygenated Hydrocarbons on a Pt–Pd Series Production Oxidation Catalyst

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Extreme lean gasoline technology – best efficiency and lowest emission powertrains

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

Hydrogen as a Combustion Enhancer for Highly Efficient Ultra-Lean Spark-Ignition Engines

A New Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Premium Vehicle CO2 Reduction

Storage and Oxidation of Oxygen-Free and Oxygenated Hydrocarbons on a Pt–Pd Series Production Oxidation Catalyst

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Product

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A New Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Premium Vehicle CO₂ Reduction