Extreme Weather and the Rivers of Hungary: Rates of Bank Retreat

Kiss, Tímea; Blanka, Viktória; Andrási, Gábor; Hernesz, Péter

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6301-2_6

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The cross-section AY8 represented a transitional character between the previous pool and the next riffle (bankfull width: 188 m; and bankfull depth: 13.5 m). On the western (concave) side of this riffle, the previous surveys[49] indicated intensive bank erosion (ca. 1.2 m/y) with increasing intensity downstream as the slips were replaced by total bank collapse.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…This knick-point propagates upstream, and newer parts of the revetment will therefore collapse until the entire revetment is destroyed. The rate of bank erosion along the collapsed revetments can be as high as 3-6 m/y [49]. Therefore, the artificial levee sections within 25-50 m distance will be endangered by lateral erosion within the next 8-15 years, directly risking altogether 7.7 km-long levee sections in the Lower Tisza region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolution of these revetted sections was compared to the evolution of an unconfined meander (A: 212.2-210.8 f.km), which was never directly affected by human activity. This meander migrates freely downstream (1.7 m/y) with the same horizontal morphometric parameters and shape [49].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bank Processes and Revetment Erosion of a Large Lowland River: Case Study of the Lower Tisza River, Hungary

Kiss

Amissah

Fiala³

2019

Water

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Stone and concrete revetments are widely constructed to control bank erosion and thus stabilize river banks. The consequences include accelerated erosion at unrevetted downstream channel sections and in-channel incision at revetted sections. The studied section of the Tisza River (Hungary) was revetted along 49% of its banks in the 20th century with stepped-block and placed-rock revetments. We therefore aimed (1) to study the effects of revetment constructions on channel processes and (2) to evaluate the state and collapse of revetments using a DEM of the channel and ADCP measurements. In the late 19th century, the river had an equilibrium meandering channel, with alternating eroding and aggrading banks. Currently, erosional processes dominate. Thus, 65% of the total channel length is affected by bank erosion. The revetments reduced the active lateral erosional processes only temporarily, as 58% of the revetments, mainly placed-rock, are already damaged. The flow characteristics at the revetted sections were found to depend on the rate and type of revetment collapse. Large pools developed in front of the revetments, playing an important role in initiating their erosion. The placed-rock revetments can collapse by slides or by stones falling into the pool one-by-one. In this case, a knickpoint develops, propagating upstream. Thus, the collapse and accelerated bank erosion also propagate upstream. The increased hazard created by the failure of the revetments requires the re-planning of bank stabilization practices.

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confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bank Processes and Revetment Erosion of a Large Lowland River: Case Study of the Lower Tisza River, Hungary

Kiss

Amissah

Fiala³

2019

Water

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“…As the artificial levee is just 25-50 m distance from the eroding bank, it will be vulnerable in 20-40 years. Previous studies however suggested as high as 3-6 m/y erosion rates at banks with collapsed revetment along the Lower Tisza, making artificial levees vulnerable within just 8-15 years (Kiss et al, 2013(Kiss et al, , 2019. Downstream of the collapsed revetment, erosion was initiated by the increased flow velocities.…”

Section: Landscape and Environmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Active point bar development and river bank erosion in the incising channel of the lower Tisza river, Hungary

Amissah

Kiss

Fiala³

2019

Landsc. environ.

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The development of point-bars and bank erosion are critical near-bank processes, as they indicatethe sediment and hydraulic regime of a river system, thus, they refer to the equilibrium conditions ofa channel. However, throughout history, rivers have been modified for various benefits which changethe development of point-bars and the rate of bank erosion. In the Lower Tisza River (Hungary), riverregulations influenced the channel and floodplain development, altering the natural fluvial processes.The aim of the research was to determine the rate of near-bank processes and to make trajectory forfuture river evolution to support future engineering works. The bank erosion and point-bar developmentat human-influenced and freely meandering sections of the Tisza River were monitored since 2011.Behind a collapsed revetment, the bank erosion rate was 0.6 m/y, while at a freely meandering section itwas 2.3 m/y. The studied point-bars are located in revetted and freely meandering sections. Their surfaceeroded within the period. These intensive erosional processes refer to an incising meandering channel,which must be considered during future planning of in-channel structures (e.g. revetments, bridges),thus, geomorphic methods must be considered in any river engineering scheme.

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“…et al 2009; Hernesz, P. − Kiss, T. 2013). Az alacsony ártér tehát a pleisztocén végén, a holocén elején formálódott (Kiss, T. et al 2013b).…”

Section: A Kutatási Területunclassified

Természeti és antropogén tényezők szerepe az Alsó-Tisza menti partfal-instabilitások kialakulásában

Kis¹,

Lóczy²

2018

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Bank erosion is a major driver a river channel processes worldwide. In the case of large meandering rivers, bend formation involves delicate patterns of undercutting and bank collapses. In the paper particularly high rates and diverse types of bank erosion are presented from the Hungarian section of the Tisza River, between Csongrád and Mártély. It is observed that geomorphic selfregulation (channel adjustments after channelization) have also been influential in channel evolution. When identifying the origin, mechanisms and types of mass movements along the riverbank natural geological (tectonic control, sedimentological buildup of banks and flu vial landforms) and hydrological (river regime and groundwater dynamics) factors are contrasted with anthropogenic factors (river regulation, other built structures on the bank), which are locally of equal significance. General predictions are given for the future occurrence of bank erosion, its expected frequency governed by weather patterns and opportunities for mitigation. On the basis of landslide hazard assessment using the modified Bank Erosion Hazard Index (BEHI), bank protection measures can be located in view of the ecology of the riparian zone. Structural interventions are only proposed where human structures are threatened by riverbank erosion.

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Extreme Weather and the Rivers of Hungary: Rates of Bank Retreat

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Bank Processes and Revetment Erosion of a Large Lowland River: Case Study of the Lower Tisza River, Hungary

Bank Processes and Revetment Erosion of a Large Lowland River: Case Study of the Lower Tisza River, Hungary

Active point bar development and river bank erosion in the incising channel of the lower Tisza river, Hungary

Természeti és antropogén tényezők szerepe az Alsó-Tisza menti partfal-instabilitások kialakulásában

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