Although significant advances have been achieved in developing
solar-driven water evaporators for seawater desalination, there is
still room for simultaneously enhancing water evaporation efficiency,
salt resistance, and utilization of solar energy. Herein, for the
first time, we demonstrate a highly efficient three-dimensional (3D)
mirror-assisted and concave pyramid-shaped solar–thermal water
evaporation system for high-yield and long-term desalination of seawater
and brine water, which consists of a 3D concave pyramid-shaped solar–thermal
architecture on the basis of polypyrrole-coated nonwoven fabrics (PCNFs),
a 3D mirror array, a self-floating polystyrene foam layer, and a tail-like
PCNF for upward transport of water. The 3D concave pyramid-shaped
solar–thermal architecture enables multiple solar light reflections
to absorb more solar energy, while the 3D mirror-assisted solar light
enhancement design can activate the solar–thermal energy conversion
of the back side of the concave pyramid-shaped PCNF architecture to
improve the solar–thermal energy conversion efficiency. Crucially,
selective accumulation of the precipitated salts on the back side
of the concave pyramid-shaped architecture is realized, ensuring a
favorable salt-resistant feature. The 3D mirror-assisted and concave
pyramid-shaped solar-driven water evaporation system achieves a record
high water evaporation rate of 4.75 kg m–2 h–1 under 1-sun irradiation only and exhibits long-term
desalination stability even when evaporating high-salinity brine waters,
demonstrating its great applicability and reliability for high-yield
solar-driven desalination of seawater and high-salinity brine water.