Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure during the prenatal and postnatal periods alters pro-inflammatory cytokines levels by gender

Öztürk, Hilal Eser; Sarıbal, Devrim; Gelmez, Yusuf Metin; Deniz, Gunnur; Yilmaz, Abdullah Gokhan; Kirectepe, Asli; Ercan, Meltem

doi:10.1080/15368378.2022.2046045

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Exposure to extremely low frequency EMFs during prenatal and postnatal periods has been found to alter proinflammatory cytokines levels. Thus, due to the effect of ELF-MF, the level of interleukin-17A increased in the rat spleen, inducing proliferation and subsequent inflammation of CD4+ T lymphocytes [113]. The PEMF (pulse waveform, 1.5 mT, 75 Hz, 10% duty cycle) treatment in mice has an anti-inflammatory effect via the P38/TNF-α/efferocytosis pathway.…”

Section: Effects Of Emf On Pro-inflammatory Chemokines/ Inflammasomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decrease/increase [105,113,116,117] Decrease [106,107,108,114,115] NETosis Activate Increase [5] [ 134,135,136] Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET), also known as NETosis, refer to a network of chromatin structures, which are released by neutrophils. They function in degrading virulent factors, with the ultimate goal of killing bacteria or viruses [122].…”

Section: Rf Elf-mf Pemf Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

López-Martín,

Sueiro-Benavides,

Leiro-Vidal

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Programmed cell death constitutes a fundamental part of the immune response to viral infection. This process forms part of the host defence mechanism and also enables establishment of biomarkers of disease severity. Natural or anthropogenic sources of microwaves emit energy and may alter the ecology of the COVID-19 virus in the environment. Determining the associated effects on the immune system and on the health of hosts with COVID-19 disease is thus important. In this review paper, we consider studies analyzing the influence of electromagnetic fields on innate and acquired immune responses in humans, and above all on preclinical experimental animal models and in vitro models, and we also consider studies analyzing immunity acquired from COVID-19 infections associated with cell death. We focus on the effects of electromagnetic fields and the influence of oxidative stress on stimulation or immunomodulation, the inflammatory response, autoimmunity and the participation of intracellular calcium channels in the immunology of COVID-19 disease. Non-ionizing radiation can activate or reduce the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and the entry of intracellular calcium and can facilitate or reduce cell death. The review of experimental study findings indicates that exposure to non-ionizing radiation can also have a bidirectional effect on the immune system, either slowing down or enhancing the processes that lead to the cell death associated with COVID-19 disease.INDEX TERMS cell death, COVID-19, immune cells, electromagnetic fields, non-ionizing radiation.

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Section: Effects Of Emf On Pro-inflammatory Chemokines/ Inflammasomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rf Elf-mf Pemf Apoptosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

López-Martín,

Sueiro-Benavides,

Leiro-Vidal

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Exposure to ELF-EMF during both prenatal and postnatal phases results in heightened IL-17A levels within the spleen and bloodstream of juvenile female rats. This exposure also triggered an increase in the expression of the IL-17 gene in the spleen, leading to the proliferation of CD4+ cells and an inflammatory response (Ozturk et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

System-level biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: an in vivo experimental review

Tian,

Zhu,

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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During the past decades, the potential effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on human health have gained great interest all around the world. Though the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection recommended a 100 μT, and then a 200 μT magnetic field limit, the long-term effects of ELF-EMFs on organisms and systems need to be further investigated. It was reported that both electrotherapy and possible effects on human health could be induced under ELF-EM radiation with varied EM frequencies and fields. This present article intends to systematically review the in vivo experimental outcome and the corresponding mechanisms to shed some light on the safety considerations of ELF-EMFs. This will further advance the subsequent application of electrotherapy in human health.

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Brain structure alterations following neonatal exposure to low‐frequency electromagnetic fields: A histological analysis

Sissons,

Dotta

2024

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Nitric oxide (NO) and electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been extensively studied for their roles in neurobiology, particularly in regulating cerebral functions and synaptic plasticity. This study investigates the impact of EMFs on NO modulation and its subsequent effects on neurodevelopment, building upon prior research examining EMF exposure's consequences on Wistar albino rats. Rats were exposed perinatally to either tap water, 1 g/L of L‐arginine (LA) or 0.5 g/L of N‐methylarginine (NMA). Half of the rats in each group were also exposed to a 7‐Hz square‐wave EMF at three separate intensities (5, 50 and 500 nT) for 2–14 days following birth. Animals were allowed to develop, and their brains were harvested later in adulthood (mean age = 568.17 days, SD = 162.73). Histological analyses were used to elucidate structural changes in key brain regions. All brains were stained with Toluidine Blue O (TBO), enabling the visualization of neurons. Neuronal counts were then conducted in specific regions of interest (e.g. hippocampus, cortices, amygdala and hypothalamus). Histological analyses revealed significant alterations in neuronal density in specific brain regions, particularly in response to EMF exposure and pharmacological interventions. Notable findings include a main EMF exposure effect where increased neuronal counts were observed in the secondary somatosensory cortex under low EMF intensities (p < 0.001) and sex‐specific responses in the hippocampus, where a significant increase in neuronal counts was observed in the left CA3 region in female rats exposed to EMF compared to unexposed females (t(18) = 2.371, p = 0.029). Additionally, a significant increase in neuronal counts in the right entorhinal cortex was seen in male rats exposed to EMF compared to unexposed males (t(18) = 2.216, p = 0.040). These findings emphasize the complex interaction among sex, EMF exposure and pharmacological agents on neuronal dynamics across brain regions, highlighting the need for further research to identify underlying mechanisms and potential implications for cognitive function and neurological health in clinical and environmental contexts.

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Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure during the prenatal and postnatal periods alters pro-inflammatory cytokines levels by gender

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

Can Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammation and Cell Death by Acting on the Immune System?

System-level biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: an in vivo experimental review

Brain structure alterations following neonatal exposure to low‐frequency electromagnetic fields: A histological analysis

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