Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field Exposure from MRI/MRS Procedures

Behavioural evidence that magnetic field effects in the land snail,Cepaea nemoralis, might not depend on magnetite or induced electric currents

“…It has been established that various magnetic fields, including ELF magnetic fields, can reduce exogenous opiate (e.g., morphine)-and endogenous opioid peptide (e.g., enkepha1in)-mediated antinociception ("analgaesia") in rodents and in snails [Kavaliers and Ossenkopp, 1987;Prato et al, 1992;Betancur et al, 1994;Kavaliers et al, 19941. Here, we report the results of behavioural experiments designed to determine which of the various proposed detection mechanisms may be involved with this magnetic field effect.…”

Hyperactivity caused by a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor is countered by ultra-wideband pulses

“…A 0.5 Hz rotating magnetic ®eld reduces morphine-and stress-induced analgesia in CF-1 mice, and morphine-and stress-induced hyperactivity in C57BL/J mice Ossenkopp, 1985, 1986]. Morphine-induced analgesia in CF-1 mice is also reduced by 60 Hz magnetic ®elds and electromagnetic ®elds used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [Ossenkopp and Kavaliers, 1987;Prato et al, 1992]. A static magnetic ®eld reduces stressinduced analgesia in CD-1 mice [Betancur et al, 1994].…”

“…A static magnetic ®eld reduces stressinduced analgesia in CD-1 mice [Betancur et al, 1994]. In a land snail model of nociception, a 0.5 Hz rotating magnetic ®eld, 60 Hz magnetic ®elds, and MRI ®elds also reduce analgesic behavior induced by opiate agonists [Kavaliers and Ossenkopp, 1988;Tysdale et al, 1991;Prato et al, 1992]. On the other hand, exposure to certain pulsed magnetic ®elds can induce an analgesia-like antinociception in the snail [Thomas et al, 1997b], increase opioid-induced analgesia in the snail [Thomas et al, 1997a], and increase the response threshold to electrical shock in rats [Fleming et al, 1994].…”

Services to Operate and Maintain the Microwave Research Facility at Brooks Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas

“…A 0.5 Hz rotating magnetic field reduces morphine-and stress-induced analgesia in CF-1 mice, and morphine-and stress-induced hyperactivity in C57BL/J mice Ossenkopp, 1985, 1986]. Morphine-induced analgesia in CF-1 mice is also reduced by 60 Hz magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [Ossenkopp and Kavaliers, 1987;Prato et al, 1992]. A static magnetic field reduces stressinduced analgesia in CD-I mice [Betancur et al, 1994].…”

“…A static magnetic field reduces stressinduced analgesia in CD-I mice [Betancur et al, 1994]. In a land snail model of nociception, a 0.5 Hz rotating magnetic field, 60 Hz magnetic fields, and MRI fields also reduce analgesic behavior induced by opiate agonists [Kavaliers and Ossenkopp, 1988;Tysdale et al, 1991;Prato et al, 1992]. On the other hand, exposure to certain pulsed magnetic fields can induce an analgesia-like antinociception in the snail [Thomas et al, 1997b], increase opioid-induced analgesia in the snail [Thomas et al, 1997a], and increase the response threshold to electrical shock in rats [Fleming et al, 1994].…”