Extremely preterm infants receiving standard care receive very low levels of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids

Rooy, Laura de; Hamdallah, Hanady; Dyall, Simon C.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.033

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, in instances when infants receive donors’ milk, there is a risk that the intake of several fatty acids that are important for normal development is considerably lower than when the mother′s milk is the sole dietary source. Overall, the fatty acid profiles of breast milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm reported here agree with previously published data on similar cohorts, demonstrating that low milk LCFUFA levels are a widespread concern .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation

et al. 2018

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AimOur aim was to perform an in‐depth analysis of the composition of fatty acids in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm babies. We investigated longitudinal changes in milk fatty acid profiles and the relationship between several types of fatty acids, including omega‐3 and omega‐6.MethodsMilk samples were collected at three stages of lactation from 78 mothers who delivered at less than 28 weeks of pregnancy at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, from April 2013 to September 2015. Fatty acid composition was analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsA reduction in long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) was observed during the lactation period. The concentrations of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid declined from medians of 0.34 to 0.22 mol% and 0.29 to 0.15 mol%, respectively, between postnatal day 7 and a postmenstrual age of 40 weeks. Strong correlations were found between the intermediates of several classes of fatty acids, including omega‐3, omega‐6 and omega‐9.ConclusionA rapid reduction in LCPUFA content in the mother's milk during the lactation period emphasises the importance of fatty acid supplementation to infants born extremely preterm, at least during the period corresponding to the third trimester, when rapid development of the brain and adipose tissue requires high levels of LCPUFAs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation

et al. 2018

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“… 8 With current standard care, extremely preterm infants receive insufficient amounts of both DHA and AA in parenteral nutrition, as reflected in low serum levels of these fatty acids (FAs). 9 , 10 , 11 Results of in vivo animal studies 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 comparing diets with ω-3 vs ω-6 LC-PUFAs suggest that these essential dietary lipids affect retinal health and disease. Research on LC-PUFAs in preterm infants has focused mainly on the role of ω-3 LC-PUFAs and in particular on DHA, which is crucial for brain and eye development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Retinopathy of Prematurity With Low Levels of Arachidonic Acid

et al. 2018

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Key Points Question How are circulatory levels of ω-3 and ω-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with retinopathy of prematurity? Findings In this secondary analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial of 78 infants, higher ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid serum levels were associated with a lower risk of developing any retinopathy of prematurity, as well as sight-threatening retinopathy of prematurity. Meaning The ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid is associated with a lower risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity; while these findings do not indicate a cause-and-effect relationship, they support testing the hypothesis of supplementation of arachidonic acid in extremely preterm infants to reduce the risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second study investigating the combined effect of enteral and parenteral lipids on blood FA levels in extremely preterm infants. De Rooy et al determined the cumulative intake of LC‐PUFAs from milk, formula, and parenteral sources over the first 6 weeks of life for infants born < 28 weeks gestational age . The infants received 1.2 g kg −1 less DHA and 7.7 g kg −1 less AA than normally provided in utero during the corresponding period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants

Nilsson

Löfqvist

Najm

et al. 2018

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Extremely preterm infants receiving standard care receive very low levels of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids

Cited by 28 publications

References 31 publications

Long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation

Long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation

Association of Retinopathy of Prematurity With Low Levels of Arachidonic Acid

Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants

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