Extremely Stable Sodium Metal Batteries Enabled by Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes

Zheng, Jianming; Chen, Shuru; Zhao, Wengao; Song, Junhua; Engelhard, Mark H.; Zhang, Ji‐Guang

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01213

Cited by 435 publications

(337 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[28] Sodiumi sp lated as an interwoven structure that is dendrite-freea nd has ah igh CE. [29] The electrolyte with ar educed salt concentration can still achieve stable sodium plating, but with a much higheri onic conductivity due to the reduced viscosity.I f the diluted electrolyte is used in af ull cell composed of a Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode and sodium-metal anode, the battery showed as ignificantly higher capacity than that of the HCE at high charge/dischargerate of 20 Cfor over 40 000 cycles. Zhang etal.…”

Section: Sodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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Earth-abundant metal anodes have become one of the hottest topics in recent years. As alternatives to lithium metals, earth-abundant metal anodes have significantly lower cost and higher energy density, but with unprecedented problems that cannot be solved by simply referring to experiences with lithium-metal anodes. The electrolytes for these anodes greatly influence the overall performance, such as Coulombic efficiency, stability, and even the availability to become an anode. In this Minireview, some excellent state-of-art works on the electrolytes of energy-storage systems with sodium-, potassium-, magnesium-, calcium-, and aluminum-metal anodes are concisely summarized. The performance of these systems is highlighted by the rational design of the electrolyte and electrolyte/electrode interface.

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Section: Sodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ether-based electrolyte for sodium-metal batteries. Copyright2 015, American Chemical Society;ref [29]. b) Plating-stripping CEs of sodium-metal anodes with 1 m NaPF 6 in variouse lectrolyte solvents andc)1m of various electrolyte saltsi nd iglyme.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2018

Chemistry A European J

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“…Similarly with lithium metal anode, Na metal batteries using conventional organic liquid electrolyte are facing some challenges, such as dendrite growth, volume changes, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), suggesting an inferior cyclability and poor safety . Numerous efforts have been made to deal with abovementioned issues and obtain great achievements on the protection of sodium metal, such as artificial SEI, electrolyte additive, superconcentrated electrolyte, membrane modification, and 3D current collectors . Still, the inherent serious safety issues of the volatile and flammable of organic liquid electrolyte are like a sword hanging on the air.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Flexible Solid Electrolyte with Multilayer Structure for Sodium Metal Batteries

Ling

Yue

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

115

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Solid electrolytes (SEs) can potentially address the inherent safety problems of conventional organic liquid electrolytes. However, their low ionic conductivity and large interfacial resistance limit the practical applications of SEs. Here, a flexible solid electrolyte with a multilayer structure is fabricated by the UV curing of an interpenetrating network of poly(ether‐acrylate) (ipn‐PEA) in the Na3Zr2Si2PO12/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) porous skeleton (NZSP/PVDF‐HFP), exhibiting a high Na+ transference number of 0.63 and a suitable ionic conductivity of above 10−4 S cm−1 at 60 °C. In addition, due to the unique structure of the internal rigidity and external flexibility, the composite solid electrolyte can effectively mitigate interfacial ion transfer issues while guaranteeing a certain mechanical strength, and largely inhibiting the formation of dendrite and dead sodium. The solid sodium metal batteries using Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) as a cathode possess a discharge capacity of 85 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, and achieve above 90% of capacity retention rate during 100 cycles at 0.1 C for Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/3Ti1/3O2 (NTMO) at 60 °C. The flexible solid electrolyte with multilayer structure shows a great advantage for managing the ionic conductivity and interface resistance problem, suggesting a promise as a practical sodium metal battery.

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“…Although some studies have demonstrated that sodium metal anode (SMA) can be cycled stably in ether-based electrolytes, [37,38] a more practical application of SMBs still needs to be realized in carbonate-based electrolytes, which provide a wider voltage window. Although some studies have demonstrated that sodium metal anode (SMA) can be cycled stably in ether-based electrolytes, [37,38] a more practical application of SMBs still needs to be realized in carbonate-based electrolytes, which provide a wider voltage window.…”

Section: Na-ag-naf Surface For Na Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

Peng

Song

Huai

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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123

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Use of a protective coating on a lithium metal anode (LMA) is an effective approach to enhance its coulombic efficiency and cycling stability. Here, a facile approach to produce uniform silver nanoparticle‐decorated LMA for high‐performance Li metal batteries (LMBs) is reported. This effective treatment can lead to well‐controlled nucleation and the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Ag nanoparticles embedded in the surface of Li anodes induce uniform Li plating/stripping morphologies with reduced overpotential. More importantly, cross‐linked lithium fluoride‐rich interphase formed during Ag+ reduction enables a highly stable SEI layer. Based on the Ag‐LiF decorated anodes, LMBs with LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode (≈1.8 mAh cm−2) can retain >80% capacity over 500 cycles. The similar approach can also be used to treat sodium metal anodes. Excellent stability (80% capacity retention in 10 000 cycles) is obtained for a Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 full cell using a Na‐Ag‐NaF/Na anode cycled in carbonate electrolyte. These results clearly indicate that synergetic control of the nucleation and SEI is an efficient approach to stabilize rechargeable metal batteries.

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Extremely Stable Sodium Metal Batteries Enabled by Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes

Cited by 435 publications

References 37 publications

Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

Electrolytes for Batteries with Earth‐Abundant Metal Anodes

A Flexible Solid Electrolyte with Multilayer Structure for Sodium Metal Batteries

Enhanced Stability of Li Metal Anodes by Synergetic Control of Nucleation and the Solid Electrolyte Interphase

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