Extremophilic fungi in arctic ice: a relationship between adaptation to low temperature and water activity

Gunde‐Cimerman, Nina; Sonjak, Silva; Zalar, Polona; Frisvad, Jens Christian; Diderichsen, Børge; Plemenitaš, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.056

Cited by 171 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The cosmopolitan genus Penicillium has been recovered from alpine and tundra soils as well as permafrost layers (Gunde-Cimerman et al, 2003). In Antarctica, species of Penicillium have been described from the soil (Azmiá andSeppelt, 1998), lakes (Ellis-Evans, 1996), wood (Arenz et al, 2006) and on the macroalga A. utricularis (Loque et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Antarctica, species of Penicillium have been described from the soil (Azmiá andSeppelt, 1998), lakes (Ellis-Evans, 1996), wood (Arenz et al, 2006) and on the macroalga A. utricularis (Loque et al, 2010). As an extremophile, P. chrysogenum has been isolated as a dominant species from Arctic subglacial ice (Gunde-Cimerman et al, 2003, Sonjak et al, 2005. In addition, according to Bugni and Ireland (2004) Penicillium represents one of the more common genera isolated from macroalgae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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We surveyed the distribution and diversity of fungi associated with eight macroalgae from Antarctica and their capability to produce bioactive compounds. The collections yielded 148 fungal isolates, which were identified using molecular methods as belonging to 21 genera and 50 taxa. The most frequent taxa were Geomyces species (sp.), Penicillium sp. and Metschnikowia australis. Seven fungal isolates associated with the endemic Antarctic macroalgae Monostroma hariotii (Chlorophyte) displayed high internal transcribed spacer sequences similarities with the psychrophilic pathogenic fungus Geomyces destructans. Thirty-three fungal singletons (66%) were identified, representing rare components of the fungal communities. The fungal communities displayed high diversity, richness and dominance indices; however, rarefaction curves indicated that not all of the fungal diversity present was recovered. Penicillium sp. UFMGCB 6034 and Penicillium sp. UFMGCB 6120, recovered from the endemic species Palmaria decipiens (Rhodophyte) and M. hariotii, respectively, yielded extracts with high and selective antifungal and/or trypanocidal activities, in which a preliminary spectral analysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated the presence of highly functionalised aromatic compounds. These results suggest that the endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae of Antarctica shelter a rich, diversity and complex fungal communities consisting of a few dominant indigenous or mesophilic cold-adapted species, and a large number of rare and/or endemic taxa, which may provide an interesting model of algal-fungal interactions under extreme conditions as well as a potential source of bioactive compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

et al. 2013

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“…Glaciers cover B10% of the earth's land area, and host diverse viral, prokaryotic and eukaryotic lifeforms (Gunde-Cimerman et al, 2003;Christner et al, 2003a;Anesio et al, 2007). Ironically, it is only as scientific interest has focused more closely on glaciers as a consequence of their vulnerability to climate change (Lemke et al, 2007) that the perception of glaciers as inhospitable masses of ice is being displaced by the recognition of their biological diversity and an appreciation of the biogeochemical consequences of such activity (Hodson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible interactions between bacterial diversity, microbial activity and supraglacial hydrology of cryoconite holes in Svalbard

et al. 2010

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The diversity of highly active bacterial communities in cryoconite holes on three Arctic glaciers in Svalbard was investigated using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the 16S rRNA locus. Construction and sequencing of clone libraries allowed several members of these communities to be identified, with Proteobacteria being the dominant one, followed by Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes. T-RFLP data revealed significantly different communities in holes on the (cold) valley glacier Austre Brøggerbreen relative to two adjacent (polythermal) valley glaciers, Midtre Lové nbreen and Vestre Brøggerbreen. These population compositions correlate with differences in organic matter content, temperature and the metabolic activity of microbial communities concerned. No within-glacier spatial patterns were observed in the communities identified over the 2-year period and with the 1 km-spaced sampling. We infer that surface hydrology is an important factor in the development of cryoconite bacterial communities.

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“…As the toxicity reduces, other groups of fungi such as ascomycetes can start to colonise an area, and the presence of hyphomycetes will proportionately reduce. Hyphomycetes are known to survive in xeric environments (Gunde-Cimerman et al 2003), some can help degrade petroleum (Kirk et Gordon 1988), while others are pathogenic to rotifers and tardigrades in Antarctic lakes (McInnes 2003) or are nematophagous (Gray et al 1982). The numbers of taxa of psychrophilic and psychrotolerant fungi recorded on Beaufort Island were 9 and 5, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of microfungi in ornithogenic soils from Beaufort Island, continental Antarctic

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Smykla²,

Ming³

et al. 2013

Czech Polar Rep.

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This paper presents the results of a biodiversity study of microfungi in ornithogenic soils from Beaufort Island (Ross Sea, continental Antarctic). During the 2004/05 austral summer, we sampled a wide range of soil habitats from an abandoned penguin rookeries to examine the biodiversity of soil microfungi. Beaufort Island is predominantly ice and snow covered, isolated, difficult to access and known to have been visited only infrequently. Warcup's soil plating method was used for fungal cultivation. A total of ten fungal taxa were isolated, consisting of seven ascomycetes, two anamorphic fungi and one yeast. In terms of their thermal classes, a total of four psychrophilic, five psychrotolerant and 1 mesophilic fungi were isolated. Thelebolus microsporus, Geomyces sp. and Thelebolus sp. were the most common isolated fungi. Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and 18S rDNA sequences were obtained from 17 fungal isolates, confirming their identification as Thelebolus microsporus, Thelebolus sp., Phoma herbarum and Geomyces sp.

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Extremophilic fungi in arctic ice: a relationship between adaptation to low temperature and water activity

Cited by 171 publications

References 12 publications

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

Diversity and bioprospecting of fungal communities associated with endemic and cold-adapted macroalgae in Antarctica

Possible interactions between bacterial diversity, microbial activity and supraglacial hydrology of cryoconite holes in Svalbard

Diversity of microfungi in ornithogenic soils from Beaufort Island, continental Antarctic

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