Extremophilic yeasts: the toughest yeasts around?

Buzzini, Pietro; Turchetti, Benedetta; Yurkov, Andrey

doi:10.1002/yea.3314

Cited by 86 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…In this work, S. cerevisiae, K. marxianus, and Y. lipolytica were exposed to stress conditions that are present in natural environments, such as those caused by seasonal temperature variation and growth on sugar-rich or acidic substrates 22 . These stress responses are industrially-relevant, as they are caused by feedstocks (high osmotic pressure and low pH) or process conditions (elevated temperatures) during industrial fermentations 11 .…”

Section: Stress Adaptation Responsive Genes Are Enriched For Duplicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Expression is Enriched for Evolutionarily Young Genes in Diverse Budding Yeasts

Doughty

Domenzain

Millán-Oropeza

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractThe Saccharomycotina subphylum (budding yeasts) spans more than 400 million years of evolution and includes species that thrive in many of Earth’s harsh environments. Characterizing species that grow in harsh conditions could enable the design of more robust yeast strains for biotechnology. However, tolerance to stressful conditions is a multifactorial response, which is difficult to understand since many of the genes involved are as yet uncharacterized. In this work, three divergent yeast species were grown under multiple stressful conditions to identify stress-induced genes. For each condition, duplicated and non-conserved genes were significantly enriched for stress responsiveness compared to single-copy conserved genes. To understand this further, we developed a sorting method that considers evolutionary origin and duplication timing to assign an evolutionary age to each gene. Subsequent analysis of the sets of genes that changed expression revealed a relationship between stress-induced genes and the youngest gene set, regardless of the species or stress in question. These young genes are rarely essential for growth and evolve rapidly, which may facilitate their functionalization for stress tolerance and may explain their stress-induced expression. These findings show that systems-level analyses that consider gene age can expedite the identification of stress tolerance genes.

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Section: Stress Adaptation Responsive Genes Are Enriched For Duplicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-Induced Expression is Enriched for Evolutionarily Young Genes in Diverse Budding Yeasts

Doughty

Domenzain

Millán-Oropeza

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Because of this, gene functional analysis of poorly characterized species is restricted to conserved genes, which may not be the only genes that influence stress-tolerance phenotypes. Currently, hundreds of whole genome sequences are available from diverse budding yeasts 21 , including several species that are known to exhibit extreme stress tolerances 22 , but many of the causative genes that enable yeast stress tolerances remain elusive.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress-induced expression is enriched for evolutionarily young genes in diverse budding yeasts

et al. 2020

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The Saccharomycotina subphylum (budding yeasts) spans 400 million years of evolution and includes species that thrive in diverse environments. To study niche-adaptation, we identify changes in gene expression in three divergent yeasts grown in the presence of various stressors. Duplicated and non-conserved genes are significantly more likely to respond to stress than genes that are conserved as single-copy orthologs. Next, we develop a sorting method that considers evolutionary origin and duplication timing to assign an evolutionary age to each gene. Subsequent analysis reveals that genes that emerged in recent evolutionary time are enriched amongst stress-responsive genes for each species. This gene expression pattern suggests that budding yeasts share a stress adaptation mechanism, whereby selective pressure leads to functionalization of young genes to improve growth in adverse conditions. Further characterization of young genes from species that thrive in harsh environments can inform the design of more robust strains for biotechnology.

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“…Acidomyces, Friedmanniomyces and Hortaea, although they have been found in very different extreme conditions (Selbmann et al 2017;Buzzini et al 2018;Chan et al 2018). It is not clear whether the stress resistance mechanisms of these fungi could be protective in the bark environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bark from avocado trees of different geographic locations have consistent microbial communities

Aguirre‐von‐Wobeser

Alonso-Sánchez

Méndez-Bravo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Bark is a permanent surface for microbial colonization at the interface of trees and the surrounding air. However, little is known about the microbial communities harbored on these tissues. Studies on bark microbial ecology show a dominance of bacteria from a few phyla. Bark microbial communities of avocado (Persea americana) could have implications for tree health, as a first barrier for defense against certain pests and diseases in this economically important species. We used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to analyze the bark microbial communities of avocado trees from two orchards, and compared one of them to rhizospheric soil. Our results show that the microbial communities of avocado bark have a well-defined taxonomic structure, with consistent patterns of abundance of bacteria, fungi and archaea, even in trees from two different locations. Bacteria in avocado bark were dominated by Proteobacteria (particularly Alphaproteobacteria), Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, consistently with bark communities in other trees. Fungal members were dominated by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, while most Archaea in bark were Euryarchaeota. We can conclude that avocado bark is a well-defined environment, providing niches for specific taxonomic groups. The present in-depth characterization of bark microbial communities can form a basis for their future manipulation for agronomical purposes.

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Extremophilic yeasts: the toughest yeasts around?

Cited by 86 publications

References 94 publications

Stress-Induced Expression is Enriched for Evolutionarily Young Genes in Diverse Budding Yeasts

Stress-Induced Expression is Enriched for Evolutionarily Young Genes in Diverse Budding Yeasts

Stress-induced expression is enriched for evolutionarily young genes in diverse budding yeasts

Bark from avocado trees of different geographic locations have consistent microbial communities

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