Extrinsic energy sources affect hardness through depth during set of a glass-ionomer cement

O’Brien, Tony; Shoja-Assadi, Farshid; Lea, Simon C.; Burke, F. J. T.; Palin, William M.

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2010.03.004

Cited by 42 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This is in agreement with previous studies which investigated the effect of radiant heat treatments on surface hardness of GIC materials [8,9,11,12,15]. Thermal energy providing by the LED light-curing unit increased surface hardness of the tested GIC materials by thermocatalysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…More specifically, radiant heat transfer from a dental LED unit to the surface of the GIC specimens leads to increased ion mobility during the initial stage of setting, decreasing the viscosity of the material which further leads to enhanced reactivity between Ca ions of the glass particles (powder) and carboxylate groups of the polyalkenoic acids (liquid), and resulting in an improved and accelerated setting reaction [10]. Consequently, increase of surface hardness of GIC materials after the radiant heat treatment expresses the improved formation of polycarboxylate network due to thermocatalysis of the setting reaction attributed to the provided thermal energy [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the integrity of the interface between the glass particles and the matrix may improve the setting reaction and as a consequence the mechanical properties of GIC materials. Additionally, different size and shape of the glass particles dispersed in the matrix enable a more efficient packing and as a result a higher integrated glass particle-polyacid matrix leading to increased surface hardness of the material [8]. It has been reported that powder/liquid ratios and molecular weight, viscosity, and concentration of polyalkenoic acids included in the liquid component affect the mechanical properties of the GIC materials [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After mixing of the two components (powder-liquid) of GIC and as the setting reaction is continuous, an increase occurs in surface hardness which reaches the highest value when the reaction is complete [8]. The final surface hardness of a dental restoration is crucial for its resistance to wear (i.e., abrasion due to toothbrushing).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Surface Microhardness and Abrasion Resistance of Two Dental Glass Ionomer Cement Materials after Radiant Heat Treatment

Dionysopoulos

Tolidis

Sfeikos

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a radiant heat treatment using a dental LED unit on the surface microhardness and abrasion resistance after toothbrushing simulation of two conventional GIC materials. Two conventional GIC materials were studied in this investigation: Ketac Fil Plus Aplicap and IonoStar Molar. Twenty disk-shaped specimens ( = 10) were prepared of each GIC (7 mm × 2 mm) using cylindrical Teflon molds. Group 1 specimens were left in the mold to set without any treatment, while in Group 2 after placement in the mold the specimens were irradiated for 60 sec at the top surface using a LED light-curing unit. Toothbrushing simulation was carried out using a commercial electric toothbrush which was fixed in a constructed device that allowed the heads of the brushes to be aligned parallel to the surface of the specimens and to control the pressure, with the following parameters: load of the toothbrush standardized at 250 g, medium hardness toothbrush head, and rotation sense changing every 30 sec. The toothbrush abrasion test mechanism, based on a 1.25-Hz frequency for 10,000 cycles, was equivalent to 800 days (∼2 years) of brushing. Surface hardness, surface roughness, and surface loss after abrasive procedure were evaluated using Vickers method and Vertical Scanning Interferometry. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test ( = 0.05). The radiant heat treatment increased the surface microhardness and decreased surface roughness and surface loss after abrasive procedures of both the tested GIC materials but to different extent. Between the tested GIC materials there were significant differences in their tested properties ( < 0.05).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Surface Microhardness and Abrasion Resistance of Two Dental Glass Ionomer Cement Materials after Radiant Heat Treatment

Dionysopoulos

Tolidis

Sfeikos

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…Heat can be applied with a special light-curing device during setting in glass fill. Recent studies have documented the beneficial effects of heat on glass ionomers [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microleakage of Different Self-adhering Materials

Ülker¹,

Günaydın²,

Erkan³

et al. 2017

MCMR

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Abstract. Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the microleakage of glass carbomer (Glass Fill, GCP Dental, Vianen, Netherlands), resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC, GC, Japan) and selfadhering flowable composite (Vertise Flow, Kerr, USA) materials. Materials And Methods: Class V cavities were prepared in the occlusal margin of enamel and gingival margin of dentin on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 45 human molar teeth and restored with self-adhering materials according to manufacturers' directions (n=15). The specimens were immersed in 2% basic fuchsine dye at 37ºC for 24 hours. The teeth were sectioned into two pieces buccolingually in an occlusoapical direction and evaluated for microleakage using a stereo microscope (30×) and the degree of microleakage was evaluated using specific scoring criteria. The data were analyzed using KruskalWallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: When the self-adhering materials were compared, Glass Fill showed the highest leakage scores but was statistically different from only Vertise flow in the gingival surfaces (p<0.05). In the occlusal surfaces all tested selfadhering materials exhibited similar degrees of microleakage at the enamel margins (p>0.05). Conclusion:Glass Carbomer based self-adhering material showed more microleakage than resin based self adhering materials in the gingival surfaces, but in the occlusal surfaces all of the tested materials showed good performance.

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