Extruder synthesis of a new class of polyurethanes: Polyacylurethanes based on poly(ε-caprolactone) oligomers

Heijkants, R. G. J. C.; Schwab, Leendert W.; Calck, R.V. van; Groot, J.H. de; Pennings, A. J.; Schouten, A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.06.089

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Generally, the PS plasticized by glycerol existed a complex heterogeneous system composed of glycerol-rich domains dispersed in a starch-rich continuous phase (Averous & Boquillon, 2004), and each phase should exhibit its own glass transition temperature (T g ) (Angles & Dufresne, 2000). Unfortunately, the T g transitions were not detectable on the DSC curves in this case due to the low sensitivity of DSC (Heijkants et al, 2005a) and the very low heating capacity change (DC p ) of starch (Wu & Zhang, 2001). Fig.…”

Section: Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of plasticized starch modified with poly(ε-caprolactone) based waterborne polyurethane

Cao

Chang

Huneault

2008

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Preparation and properties of plasticized starch modified with poly(ε-caprolactone) based waterborne polyurethane Cao, Xiaodong; Chang, Peter R.; Huneault, Michel A.Contact us / Contactez nous: nparc.cisti@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca. AbstractBiodegradable blends were prepared successfully from plasticized starch (PS) and poly(e-caprolactone)-based waterborne polyurethane (WPU) by casting and evaporation. The morphology, thermal behaviour, and mechanical properties of the films were investigated by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and tests of mechanical properties and water absorption. The results indicated that the blends had a good miscibility while the WPU content was lower than 20 wt% due to the hydrogen bonding interactions between the carboxyl, carbonyl, urethane groups of WPU and hydroxyl groups of starch, whereas the phase separation occurred with an increase of WPU content. Compared with pure PS, the tensile strength of the blend containing 10 wt% of WPU increased from 2.93 to 3.89 MPa. Moreover, the elongation at break of the blends significantly increased from 35% to 886% with WPU content increased from 0 to 50 wt%. It is worth noting that the water uptake of the PS/WPU blends also decreased because the presence of WPU in the PS matrix. Therefore, the WPU played an important role in improving the mechanical properties, and water resistance of the starch-based material.

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Section: Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of plasticized starch modified with poly(ε-caprolactone) based waterborne polyurethane

Cao

Chang

Huneault

2008

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…This also correlated with the molecular weight results obtained for the LC scaffolds, as LC18 : 2 and 9 : 1 showed higher values (see 3-5%) than theoretical molecular weights, while LC16 : 4 had 6% less than the predicted value. This was attributed to the fact that the molecular weight of LA was higher than CL (114.14 and 144.13 g mole −1 for CL and LA respectively [52,53]). The degree of methacrylation was estimated by the integration of the vinyl protons and normalized to the DEG protons at 3.6 ppm which remained unchanged in all variations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro degradation and mechanical properties of PLA-PCL copolymer unit cell scaffolds generated by two-photon polymerization

et al. 2016

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The manufacture of 3D scaffolds with specific controlled porous architecture, defined microstructure and an adjustable degradation profile was achieved using two-photon polymerization (TPP) with a size of 2 × 4 × 2 mm3. Scaffolds made from poly(D,L-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) copolymer with varying lactic acid (LA) and ɛ -caprolactone (CL) ratios (LC16:4, 18:2 and 9:1) were generated via ring-opening-polymerization and photoactivation. The reactivity was quantified using photo-DSC, yielding a double bond conversion ranging from 70% to 90%. The pore sizes for all LC scaffolds were see 300 μm and throat sizes varied from 152 to 177 μm. In vitro degradation was conducted at different temperatures; 37, 50 and 65 °C. Change in compressive properties immersed at 37 °C over time was also measured. Variations in thermal, degradation and mechanical properties of the LC scaffolds were related to the LA/CL ratio. Scaffold LC16:4 showed significantly lower glass transition temperature (Tg) (4.8 °C) in comparison with the LC 18:2 and 9:1 (see 32 °C). Rates of mass loss for the LC16:4 scaffolds at all temperatures were significantly lower than that for LC18:2 and 9:1. The degradation activation energies for scaffold materials ranged from 82.7 to 94.9 kJ mol−1. A prediction for degradation time was applied through a correlation between long-term degradation studies at 37 °C and short-term studies at elevated temperatures (50 and 65 °C) using the half-life of mass loss (Time (M1/2)) parameter. However, the initial compressive moduli for LC18:2 and 9:1 scaffolds were 7 to 14 times higher than LC16:4 (see 0.27) which was suggested to be due to its higher CL content (20%). All scaffolds showed a gradual loss in their compressive strength and modulus over time as a result of progressive mass loss over time. The manufacturing process utilized and the scaffolds produced have potential for use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.

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“…In order to obtain a sufficient extent of reaction at the die exit of the extruder, a working processing domain was identified on the basis of various reaction and process parameters. Heijkants et al [104] synthesized a new class of polyurethanes, polyacylurethanes based on poly(e-caprolactone) oligomers and terephthaloyl diisocyanate using a micro-extruder. However, the influence of the processing conditions on the material properties were not studied in this paper.…”

Section: Urethanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Processing of Thermoplastic Polymers: A Review of the Fundamental Aspects

Cassagnau

Bounor‐Legaré

Fenouillot

2007

International Polymer Processing

100

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This work is dedicated to Dr. Alain Michel for his retirement and in memory of Prof. Morand Lambla. Dr. Michel and Prof. Lambla were the pioneers of the development of reactive processing in FranceThe review is devoted to the fundamental aspects of the reactive processing of thermoplastic polymers. First of all, some reactive processing examples, including polymer grafting (vinyl silane, maleic anhydride) and/or functionalization, bulk polymerization (urethane, lactams, acrylate, e-capolactone), polyester modification and new copolymers synthesis, are presented. From a fundamental point of view, the review covers the state of the art in the domains of rheology (specifically modelling of rheo-kinetics), diffusion and mixing in highly viscous reactive or non reactive media. Finally, 1, 2 and 3-D simulation of the reactive extrusion process in twin-screw extruder is reported at the end of the review.

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Extruder synthesis of a new class of polyurethanes: Polyacylurethanes based on poly(ε-caprolactone) oligomers

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Preparation and properties of plasticized starch modified with poly(ε-caprolactone) based waterborne polyurethane

Preparation and properties of plasticized starch modified with poly(ε-caprolactone) based waterborne polyurethane

In vitro degradation and mechanical properties of PLA-PCL copolymer unit cell scaffolds generated by two-photon polymerization

Reactive Processing of Thermoplastic Polymers: A Review of the Fundamental Aspects

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