Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Feske, Ulrike

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1998.tb00142.x

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Group-design studies have begun to address the importance of eye movements in EMDR, but as noted in multiple reviews (e.g., Chemtob et al, 2000;Feske, 1998;Spector & Read, 1999), the results are inconclusive. Although a number of studies have attempted to assess the role of eye movements using multiply traumatized combat veterans (Boudewyns & Hyer, 1996;Boudewyns, Stwertka, Hyer, Albrecht, & Sperr, 1993;Devilly, Spence, & Rapee, 1998;Pitman et al, 1996), the results of many of these studies must be evaluated carefully because of methodological limitations.…”

Section: Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A critical evaluation of current views regarding eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clarifying points of confusion

Perkins

Rouanzoin

2001

J Clin Psychol

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EMDR is an active psychological treatment for PTSD that has received widely divergent reactions from the scientific and professional community. This article examines points of confusion in the published literature on EMDR, including the theoretical, empirical, and historical issues around EMDR and placebo effects, exposure procedures, the eye movement component, treatment fidelity issues, and outcome studies. It also examines historical information relevant to the scientific process and charges of "pseudoscience" regarding EMDR. We conclude that the confusion in the literature is due to (a) the lack of an empirically validated model capable of convincingly explaining the effects of the EMDR method, (b) inaccurate and selective reporting of research, (c) some poorly designed empirical studies, (d) inadequate treatment fidelity in some outcome research, and (e) multiple biased or inaccurate reviews by a relatively small group of authors. Reading the original research articles frequently helps to reduce the confusion arising from the research review literature.

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Section: Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A critical evaluation of current views regarding eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clarifying points of confusion

Perkins

Rouanzoin

2001

J Clin Psychol

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“…As noted in multiple reviews, such as Chemtob et al (2000), Feske (1998), Spector & Read (1999), the results concerning the importance of eye movements in EMDR are inconclusive. However, of particular interest in this debate are the results of independent researchers (Andrade, Kavanagh & Baddely, 1997) (a study now replicated by Van den Hout et al (2001), and Kavanagh et al (2001)), showing that eye movements significantly reduce the vividness of emotive and traumatic imagery.…”

Section: Are Eye Movements Necessary?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Spector

2007

Handbook of Evidence‐based Psychotherapies

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“…There is extensive research literature on EMDR, including several recent reviews (Feske, 1998;Lohr, Tolin, & Lilienfeld, 1998;Shapiro, 1996Shapiro, , 2001Spector & Read, 1999;Chemtob et al, 2000). Many studies evaluating the efficacy of EMDR had design flaws.…”

Section: Journal Of Trauma and Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating EMDR into Phase-Oriented Treatment for Trauma

Gelinas

2003

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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Originally introduced a century ago by Pierre Janet, phaseoriented treatment has been independently proposed by many authors and is now widely considered by trauma specialists to be the treatment of choice for PTSD and other posttraumatic disorders. Much more recently, introduced by Francine Shapiro in 1989, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has also become available for the treatment of PTSD and other trauma-based disorders. EMDR has become widely accepted by clinicians and has received strong support regarding its efficacy from a wide range of empirical studies. However, with a very few exceptions (highlighted in this paper), these two major approaches for treating trauma have developed largely independently. The present paper integrates the major EMDR developments with the different stages of the phase-oriented approach to assess if such an integration is conceptually and clinically useful. The EMDR developments integrated into the phases of trauma treatment include: Shapiro's prototypic protocol for PTSD and the protocols for other trauma-based disorders, safety protocols, Leeds' and Korn's work with Resource Development and Installation, and Kitchur's Strategic Developmental Model for EMDR. The usefulness of integrating phase-oriented treatment and EMDR is then assessed. These approaches were found to strongly complement each other in their clinical strengths and weaknesses, while sharing many underlying theoretical and structural elements.There is robust consensus among trauma specialists that a phase-oriented approach is the treatment of choice for trauma survivors. In phase-oriented treatment, work is divided into more or less discrete sequential phases, each characterized by its own treatment objectives, focal symptoms, and relational challenges. Ideally, when the tasks of one phase are accomplished, treatment can move into the next. This model was first formulated about a century ago by Pierre Janet (1889, 1925) who described three phases: (1) stabilization and symptom reduction;(2) metabolization and integration of traumatic material; and (3) personality reintegration and rehabilitation of the self in relationship and in the world (Brown, Scheflin & Hammond, 1998). Janet's contributions were obscured for many years (Ellenberger, 1970), but modern trauma specialists also independently recommend phase-oriented treatment ap-

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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

A critical evaluation of current views regarding eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clarifying points of confusion

A critical evaluation of current views regarding eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): Clarifying points of confusion

Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)

Integrating EMDR into Phase-Oriented Treatment for Trauma

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