Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Effectiveness and autonomic correlates

Wilson, David L.; Silver, Steven M.; Covi, William G.; Foster, Sandra

doi:10.1016/s0005-7916(96)00026-2

Cited by 160 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This study demonstrated that EMDR led to dearousal from before to after treatment on all physiological variables examined (HR, HRV, SC, and RR), and the reductions in HR and RR were greater for the EM compared to the no-EM condition. Thus, the findings support previous research (Aubert-Khalfa et al, 2008;Sack et al, 2007;Wilson et al, 1996) that reported physiological dearousal within EMDR sessions.…”

Section: The Physiological Effects Of Emdr and Correlates Of The Em Csupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Current results also support findings by Wilson et al (1996) and Lee and Drummond (2008) who found that a single session of EMDR-with EMs leads to greater reductions in SUDs associated with distressing memories than EMDR-without EMs, and this effect was maintained at follow-up.…”

Section: The Effects Of Eye Movements Vs No Eye Movements In Emdrsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Research suggests that the EMs in EMDR, through inducing ORs that dissipate, create a state of physiological dearousal while patients simultaneously think about the traumatic memory (Wilson et al, 1996). Thus, a relaxation response is paired with the distress associated with the traumatic memory and, in turn, the association between the traumatic memory and the distress response weakens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first published study to have examined the mechanisms of EMDR by investigating the autonomic responses during EMDR was by Wilson et al (1996). Eighteen subjects with distressing memories of traumatic events were treated with a single session of either EMDRwith EMs or two comparison treatments (EMDR-with tapping, or EMDR-with no EMs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

Schubert

Lee

Drummond

2011

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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Section: The Physiological Effects Of Emdr and Correlates Of The Em Csupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: The Effects Of Eye Movements Vs No Eye Movements In Emdrsupporting

confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

Schubert

Lee

Drummond

2011

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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“…Another study showed distinct changes during EMDR therapy for a range of autonomic measures, which included respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic blood pressure (this was observed to increase during early sets, but invariably declined during abreactions, and decreased overall), fingertip skin temperature, and the galvanic skin response-all consistently showed a clear "relaxation response." Therefore, it was understandably proposed that EMDR facilitates desensitization by reciprocal inhibition, through the pairing of emotional distress with an unlearned or "compelled" relaxation response (Wilson, Silver, Covi, & Foster, 1996).…”

Section: Jim Knipe's Summary Of the Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology and Stochastic Resonance: Going Deeper

EMDR Therapy for Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses

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This section is to inform therapists who have clients who want more detail on the proposed science of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) method. It will not be necessary to go into such detail with all clients, but better to have this knowledge and not need it, than to need it and not have it; so here is a summary of the latest research and publications. THALAMIC ACTIVITY AND PTSDIn patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), where the naturally occurring noise from descending cortico-thalamic feedback is presumed to be unavailable due to a decrease in thalamic activity (Bergmann, 2008;Sartory et al., 2013; Yan et al., 2013) seen in PTSD, the dual attention stimulation/bilateral stimulation (DAS/BLS) of EMDR therapy could be generating a random (stochastic) signal at the thalamic level. Stochastic resonance (SR) in this setting would presumably facilitate the sensing of a signal that would otherwise be subthreshold. In other words, a further signal is transmitted that would otherwise not be. The principle of boosting an undetectable signal by having it resonate with added white noise is an area of intense research (Moss, Ward, & Sannita, 2004). So although noise may seem a worthless thing in one context, it can be the essential phenomenon for generating a meaningful signal in another. This observation has led one researcher in this area to state, "One man's noise is another man's signal" (Kosko, 2006). REVIEW OF PROPOSED MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF DAS/BLS ELEMENT OF EMDR THERAPYDAS/BLS is the element of the EMDR method that raises the most questions, controversy, and derision. One of the earliest and most influential authors who examined the effects of eye movements and their role within EMDR therapy states, "A major bar to the further acceptance of EMDR as a treatment and as an inviting

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The current status of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

Spector

Read

1999

Clin. Psychol. Psychother.

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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) has increasingly been proposed as an effective therapeutic procedure for post-traumatic stress disorder and other mental health problems. However, views on EMDR in the research literature have been polarized. Reasons for this are explored as is the nature and theoretical basis of EMDR. Fifteen controlled studies thus far published on EMDR and PTSD are reviewed, and it is concluded that (i) EMDR is an effective psychotherapy, (ii) EMDR's relative efficacy in comparison to behavioural exposure therapies has yet to be established, (iii) the role of eye movements and laterality in attentional focus remains controversial and (iv) a direct link between the theoretical basis of the therapy and observable psychological and neurobiological changes has yet to be established.

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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Effectiveness and autonomic correlates

Cited by 160 publications

References 18 publications

The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

The efficacy and psychophysiological correlates of dual-attention tasks in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

Neurobiology and Stochastic Resonance: Going Deeper

The current status of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

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