Eye Movement Disorders and the Cerebellum

Shemesh, Ari; Zee, David S.

doi:10.1097/wnp.0000000000000579

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…1 B, corrected for multiple comparisons using family-wise error (FWE) cluster-wise correction. The following ROIs were significantly different between the BNC and CI groups: right cuneus, secondary visual cortex (V2), and left and right dorsal vermal region VI, which has been defined as the oculomotor vermis (OMV) 33 . The MNI coordinates which had the greatest T value and the uncorrected p -value per ROI were the following: right cuneus (MNI: 12x, − 80y, 28z) [t(74.3) = 3.95, p < 0.0001]; V2 (MNI: − 8x, − 76y, 0z) [t(85.5) = 5.20, p < 0.0001]; right vermal region VI (MNI: 6x, − 70y, − 16z) [(87.3) = 3.53, p < 0.0001]; and left vermal region VI (MNI: − 8x, − 68y, − 12z) [t(88.3) = 3.68, p < 0.001].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency

Alvarez

Scheiman

Morales

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Convergence insufficiency (CI) is the most common binocular vision problem, associated with blurred/double vision, headaches, and sore eyes that are exacerbated when doing prolonged near work, such as reading. The Convergence Insufficiency Neuro-mechanism Adult Population Study (NCT03593031) investigates the mechanistic neural differences between 50 binocularly normal controls (BNC) and 50 symptomatic CI participants by examining the fast and slow fusional disparity vergence systems. The fast fusional system is preprogrammed and is assessed with convergence peak velocity. The slow fusional system optimizes vergence effort and is assessed by measuring the phoria adaptation magnitude and rate. For the fast fusional system, significant differences are observed between the BNC and CI groups for convergence peak velocity, final position amplitude, and functional imaging activity within the secondary visual cortex, right cuneus, and oculomotor vermis. For the slow fusional system, the phoria adaptation magnitude and rate, and the medial cuneus functional activity, are significantly different between the groups. Significant correlations are observed between vergence peak velocity and right cuneus functional activity (p = 0.002) and the rate of phoria adaptation and medial cuneus functional activity (p = 0.02). These results map the brain-behavior of vergence. Future therapeutic interventions may consider implementing procedures that increase cuneus activity for this debilitating disorder.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency

Alvarez

Scheiman

Morales

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Lesions inducing a pathologic, horizontal GEN are predominately located in the cerebellum (e.g. vermis, uvula, flocculus, tonsil) or the lower brainstem (vestibular nuclei, nucleus prepositus) [ 9 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Our results, as those in the literature, show that different lesions affect GEN and the location of the null point differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bruns' nystagmus revisited: A sign of stroke in patients with the acute vestibular syndrome

Mantokoudis

Korda

Zee

et al. 2021

Euro J of Neurology

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Pathologic gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) is a central sign in patients with acute dizziness, however, the discrimination between a pathologic and physiologic GEN is challenging. Neurology textbooks [1] suggest that physiologic GEN is not sustained and beats at a lower frequency. The direction and intensity of GEN is more difficult to discern in patients with an acute vestibular syndrome (AVS), since they have spontaneous nystagmus (SN).We have not found a study quantifying GEN in the acute phase of patients with the AVS either from peripheral or central causes. The slow-phase velocity (SPV), frequency (beats per second), and direction of eye drift of GEN can be quantified using mobile eye tracking

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“…Lee [ 39 ] observed central positional nystagmus and spontaneous ocular volvulus in patients with lesions of the superior cerebellar feet. Shemesh [ 40 ] demonstrated that the damage to the posterior fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum decreased the accuracy of binocular saccade, and patients presented symptoms (such as dyslexia and blurred vision after changing the line of sight) and differences in binocular vision. The present study found that the esotropia showed a positive correlation with the VMHC values of the bilateral cerebellum crus 1 (r = 0.588; P < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with strabismic amblyopia: a resting-state fMRI study using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

et al. 2021

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Background Previous studies have demonstrated that strabismus amblyopia can result in markedly brain function alterations. However, the differences in spontaneous brain activities of strabismus amblyopia (SA) patients still remain unclear. Therefore, the current study intended to employthe voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) method to investigate the intrinsic brain activity changes in SA patients. Purpose To investigate the changes in cerebral hemispheric functional connections in patients with SA and their relationship with clinical manifestations using the VMHC method. Material and methods In the present study, a total of 17 patients with SA (eight males and nine females) and 17 age- and weight-matched healthy control (HC) groups were enrolled. Based on the VMHC method, all subjects were examined by functional magnetic resonance imaging. The functional interaction between cerebral hemispheres was directly evaluated. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze the clinical features of patients with SA. In addition, their mean VMHC signal values and the receiver operating characteristic curve were used to distinguish patients with SA and HC groups. Results Compared with HC group, patients with SA had higher VMHC values in bilateral cingulum ant, caudate, hippocampus, and cerebellum crus 1. Moreover, the VMHC values of some regions were positively correlated with some clinical manifestations. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curves presented higher diagnostic value in these areas. Conclusion SA subjects showed abnormal brain interhemispheric functional connectivity in visual pathways, which might give some instructive information for understanding the neurological mechanisms of SA patients.

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Eye Movement Disorders and the Cerebellum

Cited by 47 publications

References 75 publications

Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency

Underlying neurological mechanisms associated with symptomatic convergence insufficiency

Bruns' nystagmus revisited: A sign of stroke in patients with the acute vestibular syndrome

Abnormal interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with strabismic amblyopia: a resting-state fMRI study using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity

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