Eye Pointing in Stereoscopic Displays

Abstract

This study investigated eye pointing in stereoscopic displays. Ten participants performed 18 tapping tasks in stereoscopic displays with three different levels of parallax (at the screen, 20 cm and 50 cm in front of the screen). The results showed that parallax had significant effects on hand movement time, eye movement time, index of performance in hand click and eye gaze. The movement time was shorter and the performance was better when the target was at the screen, compared to the conditions when the targets were seen at 20 cm and 50 cm in front of the screen. Furthermore, the findings of this study supports that the eye movement in stereoscopic displays follows the Fitts’ law. The proposed algorithm was effective on the eye gaze selection to improve the good fit of eye movement in stereoscopic displays.

Evaluating Direct Pointing and Indirect Cursor Interactions with Fitts' Law in Stereoscopic Environments

“…A significant two-way interaction was found between technique and ID (F [1. 16,19.79] = 7.15, p < 0.05) based on throughput. The Tukey post-hoc test showed that the throughput was significantly different (p < 0.001) for all IDs, with a high ID yielding the highest throughput, a low ID yielding the lowest throughput value, and a medium ID falling between the two, for both techniques.…”

“…Fitts' law has been successfully used for investigating user performance in 2D environments [17,18]. Moreover, recent researches have investigated user performance using a modified version of Fitts' law to model user control in 3D VEs [16,19] related to indirect interaction as defined above. However, few comparative studies have been done that focused on direct and indirect interaction.…”

“…Fitts' law can be implemented as a predictive model. Linear regression is used to predict the time for a participant to acquire the target and click (judge) on it [19,26]. We conducted this analysis for both techniques at the three egocentric target distances and IDs.…”

Model Development Effect of Emotional Design and Human Performance on The Use of The Teman Bus Apps

“…Completion time and error rate values will be categorized based on the ISO 9241-9 difficulty index value which ranges from 1 to 6. The higher the completion time and error rate values, the higher the difficulty index value, which means that the task being carried out is difficult to carry out [20] [41]. The following is the formula used to categorize completion time and error rate data based on the ISO 9241-9 difficulty index value [42].…”