Eye-Tracking and the Visual World Paradigm

Berends, Sanne; Brouwer, Susanne; Sprenger, Simone

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11529-0_5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Errors and reaction times show whether one interpretation is more easily or more quickly accessible than another. Recently, similar tasks have been adopted for visual world paradigms (Huettig et al, 2011;Berends et al, 2015;Salverda and Tanenhaus, 2018). In this method participant's eye movements are recorded while they look at a visual scene and simultaneously hear a spoken utterance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Verbal Humor: A Visual-World Eye-Tracking Study

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many theories of verbal humour postulate that the funniness of jokes is caused by an incongruency in the punchline whose resolution yields a feeling of mirth. While there are studies testing the prediction that this situation model updating leads to increases in processing costs, there are few studies directly assessing the time course of when the alternative situation models are entertained. In a visual world paradigm, stories were presented auditorily and displays were presented illustrating either the situation implied by the context or the final interpretation after the punchline. Eye movement data confirmed the switch from the initial to the final interpretation for jokes as well as for non-funny control stories that also required a situation model revision. In addition to these effects of the cognitive revision requirements, the pupil dilations were sensitive to the affective component of joke comprehension. These results are discussed in light of incongruency theories of verbal humour.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Affective Aspects of Verbal Humor: A Visual-World Eye-Tracking Study

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Beim VWP-Eye-tracking hören die Versuchspersonen eine gesprochene Äußerung und schauen dabei gleichzeitig auf eine visuelle Szene, die verschiedene Objekte, auf die sprachlich Bezug genommen wird, beinhaltet, während dabei ihre Blickbewegungen aufgezeichnet werden. Gemäß der eye-mind-assumption (Just & Carpenter, 1978, 1980 besteht eine enge Verbindung zwischen den Fixationen der Blicke und der Sprachverarbeitung: So attrahieren diejenigen dargestellten Objekte die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit, die gerade kognitiv aktiviert sind (für einen Überblick: Berends et al, 2016;Clifton et al, 2007).…”

Section: Aufgabe/testmethodeunclassified

Perspektivierung im Text -- Interpretation und Verarbeitung

Klages¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Language possesses the capacity to express many different perspectives. As a general principle, the interpreter takes the speaker of an utterance to be the perspective-holder of the content that it conveys. This presumption of a speaker-default (Potts, 2005) seems to be a valid strategy as it frequently results in adequate interpretations. However, productive exceptions to this rule exist, as demonstrated in (1). Although the object pronoun me picks out the speaker, the perspective-sensitive content of friggin' seems to anchor to Monty as its perspective-holder.(1) [Context: We know that Bob loves to do yard work and is very proud of his lawn, but also that he has a son Monty who hates to do yard chores. So Bob could say (perhaps in response to his partner's suggestion that Monty be asked to mow the lawn while he is away on business):] Well, in fact Monty said to me this very morning that he hates to mow the friggin' lawn. 1factors (e. g., free indirect discourse, attitude verbs, counteridenticals). The experiments employ off-line as well as on-line methods; hence, the presented data offer evidence both on the final interpretation and the processing of texts involving perspective-sensitive expressions.The thesis presents empirical evidence of perspective-sensitive expressions and their interaction with information offered by the context, and such evidence is highly necessary. This dissertation enhances the understanding of the guiding mechanisms involved in perspective-dependent interpretations. It also contributes relevant data for the soughtafter long-term goal of a formal representation of the class of perspective-sensitive expressions. Therefore, the presented multi-faceted experimental data and the conclusions drawn based on these findings provide significant contributions for future research on linguistically expressed perspectivization.

show abstract