Eye Tracking Methodology

Objectives We tested how variations of the warning message on e-cigarette packages influenced risk and ambiguity perceptions, and whether including a modified risk statement on the package influenced how the warning label was perceived. Method A 4 (warning text) × 2 (modified risk statement), plus control, experiment (N = 451) was conducted. Results Smoking status, sex, and the language used in the warning statements interacted to influence risk perceptions. For example, non-smoking women perceived e-cigarettes with the FDA text at 30% of the package as riskier than the FDA text at 12-point type. Additionally, including a modified risk statement on the package increased ambiguity among non-smokers, as did an abstract warning label. Conclusions When evaluating the effectiveness of warning label text, it is important to consider smoking status and sex. Additionally, including modified risk statements on the package with the warning label could potentially increase ambiguity among non-smokers.

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“…51 The size of the boxes was screen-proportioned to appear optically at the sizes they would if they were held in one's hand. 52 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarettes Warning Labels and Modified Risk Statements: Tests of Messages to Reduce Recreational Use

2017

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“…Thus, the accompanying software enables a variety of data visualization and analysis methods that a further described in the applications described. [7][8][9] …”

Section: Eye-tracking Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the data can be used to track a user's path of locations or gaze duration, among others. Certain behaviors like gaze duration [7][8] and physiological responses like pupil dilation 9 or heart rate 9,10 have been correlated with cognitive challenge or difficulty. For studies described herein, statistical comparison was made using the eye-tracker data to differentiate more and less successful users or the differences between experts and novices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying student behavior and chemistry skill using browser-based tools and eye-tracking hardware

Pienta¹

2017

Quim. Nova

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Browser-based tools were created to collect quantitative data about university student problem-solving skills. Three of these tools have been described: a word question tool that creates ideal gas law and stoichiometry questions using a set of complexity factors; a Lewis structure drawing tool that enables the user to draw a solution to an ion or molecule assigned to them; and a "spheres" tool that uses spheres to represent atoms and molecules to denote the particulate nature of matter. Results from these studies show that relatively simple questions can be made very complex by the addition of many complexity factors that challenge the cognitive skills. The drawing tools can be used for instruction or to collect data about student understanding; the outcomes suggest that students with more instruction in chemistry are more successful but even the performance of students after four semesters is somewhat disappointing. Eye-tracking hardware enabled the study of the student use of the visual interface of the other tools and to study molecular representation or interpret spectral data.

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“…Over the years, eye tracking technology have improved from using electrodes mounted around the skin of the eye (Electro-Oculograhic Technique), wearing of large contacts lenses that covers the cornea and sclera [3] to modern remote eye tracker technology and wearable glasses technology which is deemed to be more comfortable and less invasive. Eye tracking research has been used for many applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computing Eye Tracking Metric for a Radar Display Using a Remote Eye Tracker

Wee¹,

Lye²,

Pinheiro³

2017

dtcse

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Abstract. Eye movement tracking is a commonly used method for researchers to study the cognitive process of individuals in the Human Computer Interface (HCI) domain. By tracking the eye movement of the test subjects, researchers are then able to investigate into the cognitive processing of the participants. This method is also used widely in the field of Air Traffic Control (ATC), many involving the use of wearable device and multiple displays. However, work on the eye movement activity on a single screen, the radar screen, with the use of a remote eye tracker is sparse. This paper presents an algorithm for computing some eye tracking metric for such a study and together with some results from an experiment. These metrics are shown to be effective and useful, allowing it to serve as a good basis for further work in this domain.

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Eye Tracking Methodology

Cited by 452 publications

References 0 publications

E-cigarettes Warning Labels and Modified Risk Statements: Tests of Messages to Reduce Recreational Use

E-cigarettes Warning Labels and Modified Risk Statements: Tests of Messages to Reduce Recreational Use

Studying student behavior and chemistry skill using browser-based tools and eye-tracking hardware

Computing Eye Tracking Metric for a Radar Display Using a Remote Eye Tracker

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