Eyewitness Testimony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review

Maras, Katie; Bowler, Dermot

doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1502-3

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(74 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, researchers have begun to turn their attention to the reliability of evidence provided by autistic witnesses 2 within criminal proceedings (e.g., Maras & Bowler, 2014;Mattison, Dando & Ormerod, 2015). The focus, however, has been largely on the provision of evidence-in-chief; a process that occurs at police interview.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community

Maras

Crane

Mulcahy

et al. 2017

J Autism Dev Disord

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Online surveys were used to sample the views of judges, barristers and solicitors (n=33) about their engagement with autistic individuals in criminal courts in England and Wales. Despite an understanding of some of the difficulties experienced by individuals with autism, and the adjustments suitable for supporting them, legal professionals reported constraints arising from a lack of understanding by others within the criminal justice system. These results are considered alongside the views and perspectives of autistic adults (n=9) and parents of children on the autism spectrum (n=19), who had encountered the criminal courts as witnesses or defendants and were largely dissatisfied with their experiences. Training, understanding and the provision of appropriate adjustments were identified as key issues by all respondent groups.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community

Maras

Crane

Mulcahy

et al. 2017

J Autism Dev Disord

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If our conclusions are correct and people with ASD do have attenuated me-selves, this may have practical implications, particularly for eyewitness testimony and forensic interviewing. The quality of eyewitness memory depends both on the quantity and quality of the information provided by the witness in court, one is asked to tell the "whole truth" (quantity) and "nothing but the truth" (quality) (Koriat et al, 2001;Maras & Bowler, 2014). In fact, a diminished me-self could potentially result in less complete and less accurate testimony.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Self in Autism and Its Relation to Memory

Lind

Williams

Grainger

et al. 2018

The Wiley Handbook of Memory, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and the Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indeed, the relation between the two constructs is generally thought to be bidirectional in nature. Without memory for one's past personal experiences, one's sense of self-one's personal identitywould be impoverished. In Wilson and Ross's (2003) words, "we are what we remember" (p.137). But equally, without a sense of self one would be unable to appreciate the personal significance of the events that one experiences. That there is a link between the two is undeniable. However, the precise nature of the relation requires careful consideration, and is likely to be far more complex and subtle than one might imagine at first glance. This is, in no small part, because memory and the self are not unitary entities, but multifaceted in nature (despite what introspection tells us). Hence, the relation between memory and the self requires careful unpacking. In this chapter, we start by considering some definitions of memory and the self. We then consider in some detail how memory and the self might be related on the psychological level. We then consider the relevance of these theories to autism spectrum disorder, providing a critical review of relevant research on the self in autism, followed by some hypotheses concerning how diminished sense of self might predict and explain the unique memory profile we see in the ASD population. Facets of Memory The idea that memory consists of multiple systems is now widely accepted (e.g. Schacter & Tulving, 1994). For the current purposes, one of the most important distinctions to have been drawn is between episodic and semantic memory (e.g., Tulving, 2001). Broadly, these hypothetical, functionally distinct, but interactive neuro-cognitive systems are thought to underpin long-term memory for

show abstract

“…Only two papers (Brown et al, 2012;Ericson & Perlman, 2001) purposely excluded people with other conditions that may have influenced findings, such as: autism; Attention Deficit Disorders; diabetes; hearing or visual impairments (also considered in Collins and Henry, 2016); and mental health diagnosis. In their review of papers on eyewitness testimony for people with autism, Maras and Bowler record the specific difficulties associated with autism regarding memory, personally experienced events, processing information, and processing emotional stimuli, that would impact on their performance during cross-examination (Maras & Bowler, 2014). However, at the time of their review all research into autism and eyewitness testimony had only been with participants with 'high-functioning autism', that is with no ID.…”

Section: Limitations Of Findings In the Review And Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication and cross-examination in court for children and adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review

Morrison

Forrester‐Jones

Bradshaw

et al. 2019

The International Journal of Evidence & Proof

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Courts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland have identified children and adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) as vulnerable witnesses. The call from the English Court of Appeal is for advocates to adjust questioning during cross-examination according to individual needs. This review systematically examined previous empirical studies with the aim of delineating the particular communication needs of children and adults with ID during cross-examination. Studies utilising experimental methodology similar to examination/cross-examination processes, or which assessed the communication of actual cross-examinations in court were included. A range of communication challenges were highlighted, including: suggestibility to leading questions and negative feedback; acquiescence; accuracy; memory and understanding of court language. In addition, a number of influencing factors were identified, including: age; IQ level; question styles used. This review highlights the need for further research using cross-examination methodology and live practice, that take into consideration the impact on communication of the unique environment and situation of the cross-examination process.

show abstract

Eyewitness Testimony in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review

Cited by 48 publications

References 125 publications

Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community

Brief Report: Autism in the Courtroom: Experiences of Legal Professionals and the Autism Community

The Self in Autism and Its Relation to Memory

Communication and cross-examination in court for children and adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About