F-DCS: FMI-Based Distributed CPS Simulation Framework with a Redundancy Reduction Algorithm

Hong, Seokjoon; Lim, Ducsun; Joe, Inwhee; Kim, Won-Tae

doi:10.3390/s20010252

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Techniques to reduce the simulation time while maintaining the simulation accuracy have also been developed. S. Hong proposed a redundancy reduction algorithm (RRA) to increase the simulation speed by adaptively adjusting the simulation step size, increasing it when a specific pattern of the cycle is detected as repeated, and decreasing it when a zero-crossing point is detected [19]. However, this is mainly applicable to the SDCs, especially the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), where many repetitive parts are known ahead of the simulation.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real Driving Cycle-Based State of Charge Prediction for EV Batteries Using Deep Learning Methods

Hong¹,

Hwang²,

Kim³

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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An accurate prediction of the State of Charge (SOC) of an Electric Vehicle (EV) battery is important when determining the driving range of an EV. However, the majority of the studies in this field have either been focused on the standard driving cycle (SDC) or the internal parameters of the battery itself to predict the SOC results. Due to the significant difference between the real driving cycle (RDC) and SDC, a proper method of predicting the SOC results with RDCs is required. In this paper, RDCs and deep learning methods are used to accurately estimate the SOC of an EV battery. RDC data for an actual driving route have been directly collected by an On-Board Diagnostics (OBD)-II dongle connected to the author’s vehicle. The Global Positioning System (GPS) data of the traffic lights en route are used to segment each instance of the driving cycles where the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm is adopted, to obtain the most similar patterns among the driving cycles. Finally, the acceleration values are predicted from deep learning models, and the SOC trajectory for the next trip will be obtained by a Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI)-based EV simulation environment where the predicted accelerations are fed into the simulation model by each time step. As a result of the experiments, it was confirmed that the Temporal Attention Long–Short-Term Memory (TA-LSTM) model predicts the SOC more accurately than others.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%