F5—A Steganographic Algorithm

Westfeld, Andreas

doi:10.1007/3-540-45496-9_21

Cited by 884 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Andreas Westfeld based his "F5" algorithm [49] on subtraction and matrix encoding (also known as syndrome coding). F5 embeds only into non-zero AC DCT coefficients by decreasing the absolute value of the coefficient by 1.…”

Section: Fig 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital image steganography: Survey and analysis of current methods

et al. 2010

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Steganography is the science that involves communicating secret data in an appropriate multimedia carrier, e.g., image, audio, and video files. It comes under the assumption that if the feature is visible, the point of attack is evident, thus the goal here is always to conceal the very existence of the embedded data. Steganography has various useful applications. However, like any other science it can be used for ill intentions. It has been propelled to the forefront of current security techniques by the remarkable growth in computational power, the increase in security awareness by, e.g., individuals, groups, agencies, government and through intellectual pursuit. Steganography's ultimate objectives, which are undetectability, robustness (resistance to various image processing methods and compression) and capacity of the hidden data, are the main factors that separate it from related techniques such as watermarking and cryptography. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review and analysis of the different existing methods of steganography along with some common standards and guidelines drawn from the literature. This paper concludes with some recommendations and advocates for the object-oriented embedding mechanism. Steganalysis, which is the science of attacking steganography, is not the focus of this survey but nonetheless will be briefly discussed.

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Section: Fig 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital image steganography: Survey and analysis of current methods

et al. 2010

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“…• Compressed Domain JPEG Image Steganography Embedding (JISE): As an example of a JISE system, we specified the JPEG compressed-domain image steganography scheme called F5 [14]. In this scheme, the secret message is embedded into the non-zero AC coefficients of the whole image using a matrix embedding scheme.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [14], the matrix embedding scheme used in F5 is based on the (1, n, k) Hamming distance code, where n = 2 k − 1. Hence, to embed every k bits of the message, the embedding scheme changes at most one element in each set of n non-zero AC coefficients.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance benchmarking of RVC based multimedia specifications

Ahmad

Mattavelli

2013

2013 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

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The Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) framework was developed to specify video codecs as abstract and as much as possible implementation-agnostic descriptions, which are supposed to be processed by code synthesis tools to automatically generate implementations for different target languages and platforms. However, there are still questions about if the run-time performance of these automatically generated RVC-based codec implementations is good enough to run efficiently on different target platforms. In this paper, we present a performance benchmarking study on various RVCbased multimedia specifications (H.264/AVC and JPEG codecs, and four multimedia security systems based on these codecs), which covers the following two aspects: 1) the run-time performance against their corresponding non-RVC implementations on a single-core machine; 2) the performance gain these RVC-based implementations on a dual-core machine. Based on our benchmarking results, which show that RVC-based multimedia implementations achieve adequate/acceptable performance, we conclude that RVC has the potential to become a general-purpose but still performance-efficient development framework for many application domains.

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“…The voter's ballot is generated every time the chosen candidates are reviewed. During the ballot generation, F5 image steganography algorithm would be applied [29]. The F5 algorithm is implemented to secure data communication between the voter and the election server, even before the ballot is cast.…”

Section: Voting Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Online Voting System based on Image Steganography and Visual Cryptography

Rura

Issac

Haldar

2017

CIT

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This paper discusses the implementation of an online voting system based on image steganography and visual cryptography. The system was implemented in Java EE on a web-based interface, with MySQL database server and Glassfish application server as the backend. After considering the requirements of an online voting system, current technologies on electronic voting schemes in published literature were examined. Next, the cryptographic and steganography techniques best suited for the requirements of the voting system were chosen, and the software was implemented. We have incorporated in our system techniques like the password hashed based scheme, visual cryptography, F5 image steganography and threshold decryption cryptosystem. The analysis, design and implementation phase of the software development of the voting system is discussed in detail. We have also used a questionnaire survey and did the user acceptance testing of the system.

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F5—A Steganographic Algorithm

Cited by 884 publications

References 3 publications

Digital image steganography: Survey and analysis of current methods

Digital image steganography: Survey and analysis of current methods

Performance benchmarking of RVC based multimedia specifications

Online Voting System based on Image Steganography and Visual Cryptography

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