Faba Bean: Breeding for Organic Farming Systems

Link, Wolfgang; Ghaouti, Lamiae

doi:10.1002/9781119945932.ch13

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The traits with repeatabilities larger or equal in organic systems were those generally associated with growth and productivity, and probably under similar genetic control, whereas those with repeatibilities lower in organic compared with conventional are probably under separate genetic control. Higher heritabilities under organic conditions were also found by Burger et al (2008) and Goldstein et al (2012) for maize and for faba bean ( Vicia faba L.; Link and Ghaouti, 2012). They supported their findings with the following justifications, which can also explain our results: (i) with heterogeneous soils found in organic management systems, the precision of experiments may be more impaired under stress (slow nutrient release) than under conventional high input conditions; (ii) genetic variance may be greater under stress conditions than nonstress conditions, and (iii) the high genetic variance in organic trials compensated for the high experimental error which produced comparable heritabilities between organic and conventional trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Broccoli Cultivar Performance under Organic and Conventional Management Systems and Implications for Crop Improvement

et al. 2014

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To determine if present commercial broccoli cultivars meet the diverse needs of organic management systems, such as adaptation to low N input, mechanical weed management, and no chemical pesticide use, and to propose the selection environments for crop improvement for organic production, we compared horticultural trait performance of 23 broccoli cultivars (G) under two management (M) systems (organic and conventional) in two regions of the United States (Oregon and Maine), including spring and fall trials. In our trials, location and season had the largest effect on broccoli head weight, with Oregon outperforming Maine, and fall trials outperforming spring plantings. M main effects and G × M interactions were often small, but G × M × E (location and season) were large. Cultivars with both greater head weight and stability under conventional conditions generally had high head weight and stability under organic growing conditions, although there were exceptions in cultivar rank between management systems. Larger genotypic variances and somewhat increased error variances observed in organic compared with conventional management systems led to repeatability for head weight and other horticultural traits that were similar or even higher in organic compared with conventional conditions. The ratio of correlated response (predicting performance under organic conditions when evaluated in conventional conditions) to direct response (predicted performance in organic when evaluated under organic conditions) for all traits was close to but less than 1.0 with the exception of bead uniformity. This would imply that in most cases, direct selection in an organic environment could result in a more rapid genetic gain than indirect selection in a conventional environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Broccoli Cultivar Performance under Organic and Conventional Management Systems and Implications for Crop Improvement

et al. 2014

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“…The following brief account is taken from the review by Link and Ghaouti (2012). Faba bean (Vicia faba) is an important nitrogen-fixing crop with protein-rich seeds (about 30 %).…”

Section: Faba Bean Syntheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Breeding: Past, Present and Future

Bradshaw¹

2016

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“…Without bee pollination, the yield is decreased by more than 30% (Bishop and Nakagawa 2021 ). Both self-pollen and cross-pollen are fertile and fully compatible (Link and Ghaouti 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal outcrossing success differs among faba bean genotypes and impacts breeding of synthetic cultivars

Brünjes

Link

2021

Theor Appl Genet

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Key message Faba bean genotypes showed significant and marked genetic differences in their success as pollen donors to cross-fertilized seeds. The findings may improve exploitation of heterosis in synthetic cultivars. Abstract In partially allogamous crops such as faba bean (Vicia faba L.), increasing the share of heterosis in a synthetic cultivar can improve yield and yield stability. The share of heterosis in such synthetic cultivars is increased by higher degrees of cross-fertilization. This trait is defined as percentage of cross-fertilized seeds among all seeds and is a crucial parameter in breeders’ yield predictions. Current approaches use degree of cross-fertilization to predict inbreeding and share of heterosis, they even consider genotype-specific degrees; yet, all genotypes are assumed to contribute equally to the cross-fertilized seeds. Here, we expect faba bean genotypes to differ in their success rates as pollen donors, i.e. in paternal outcrossing success. To quantify the variation of both, the degree of cross-fertilization and the paternal outcrossing success, we assessed these parameters in inbred lines and F1 hybrids, grown in four polycrosses composed of eight genotypes each. We identified the paternal genotype of 500 to 800 seeds per genotype and polycross using SNP markers. In both traits, we found marked and significant variation among inbred lines and among F1 hybrids, as well as between inbred lines and F1. Based on our findings, we discuss how differential paternal outcrossing success influences the amount of inbreeding in synthetic cultivars. Our findings offer the potential for a better management and exploitation of heterotic yield increase in faba bean.

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Faba Bean: Breeding for Organic Farming Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Broccoli Cultivar Performance under Organic and Conventional Management Systems and Implications for Crop Improvement

Broccoli Cultivar Performance under Organic and Conventional Management Systems and Implications for Crop Improvement

Plant Breeding: Past, Present and Future

Paternal outcrossing success differs among faba bean genotypes and impacts breeding of synthetic cultivars

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