FABP3, FABP4, and heart rate variability among patients with chronic schizophrenia

Background/aims Elevated systemic inflammation, common in obesity, increases cardiovascular disease risk. Obesity is linked to a pro-inflammatory gut microbiota that releases uremic toxins like p -cresylsulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS), which are implicated in coronary atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, and chronic kidney disease. This study examines the relationship between total PCS and IS levels and central obesity in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 373 consecutive patients with stable CAD from a single center. Serum levels of total PCS and IS were measured using an Ultra Performance LC System. Central obesity was evaluated using a body shape index (ABSI) and conicity index (CI). Six obesity-related proteins were also analyzed. Structural equation modeling (SEM) assessed direct and indirect effects of total PCS, IS, and the six obesity-related proteins on central obesity. Results Significant positive correlations were found between total PCS and IS with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) ( r = 0.174, p = 0.005 for total PCS; r = 0.144, p = 0.021 for IS), CI ( r = 0.273, p < 0.0001 for total PCS; r = 0.260, p < 0.0001 for IS), and ABSI ( r = 0.297, p < 0.0001 for total PCS; r = 0.285, p < 0.0001 for IS) in male patients, but not in female patients. Multivariate analysis showed higher odds ratios (ORs) for elevated CI (OR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.54–6.75, p = 0.002) and ABSI (OR = 3.28, 95% CI: 1.54–7.24, p = 0.002) in patients with high PCS levels, and elevated CI (OR = 2.30, 95% CI: 1.15–4.66, p = 0.018) and ABSI (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.07–4.72, p = 0.033) in those with high IS levels, compared to those with low toxin levels. SEM analysis indicated that total PCS and IS directly impacted central obesity indices and indirectly influenced central adiposity measures like WHR through high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β = 0.252, p < 0.001). Conclusions Circulating total PCS and IS contribute to central obesity in male patients with stable CAD, partially mediated by hs-CRP.

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Screening of the Key Genes and Signaling Pathways for Schizophrenia Using Bioinformatics and Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis

Vastrad,

Vastrad

2023

Preprint

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Schizophrenia is thought to be the most prevalent chronic psychiatric disorder. Numerous proteins have been identified that are associated with the occurrence and development of schizophrenia. This study aimed to identify potential core genes and pathways involved in schizophrenia, through exhaustive bioinformatic and next generation sequencing (NGS) data analyses using GSE20966 NGS data of neural progenitor cells and neurons obtained from healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia. The NGS data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. NGS data was processed by the DESeq2 package in R software and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and REACTOME pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to identify potential biological functions and pathways of the DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, module, miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network analysis were performed to identify the hub genes, miRNA and TFs. Potential hub genes were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in the R package (pROC). In this investigation, an overall 955 DEGs were identified: 478 genes were remarkably up regulated and 477 genes were distinctly down regulated. These genes were enriched for GO terms and pathways mainly involved in the multicellular organismal process, GPCR ligand binding, regulation of cellular process and amine ligand-binding receptors. MYC, FN1, CDKN2A, EEF1G, CAV1, ONECUT1, SYK, MAPK13, TFAP2A and BTK were considered the potential hub genes. miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network were constructed successfully. On the whole, the findings of this investigation enhance our understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms of schizophrenia and provide potential targets for further investigation.

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FABP3, FABP4, and heart rate variability among patients with chronic schizophrenia

Cited by 5 publications

References 72 publications

Circulating RBP4 and FABP4 concentrations in patients with chronic schizophrenia are associated with increased epicardial adipose tissue volume and metabolic syndrome

Circulating RBP4 and FABP4 concentrations in patients with chronic schizophrenia are associated with increased epicardial adipose tissue volume and metabolic syndrome

Associations of circulating total p-cresylsulfate and indoxyl sulfate concentrations with central obesity in patients with stable coronary artery disease: sex-specific insights

Screening of the Key Genes and Signaling Pathways for Schizophrenia Using Bioinformatics and Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis

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