Fabricate the Compressive-Strained Perovskite Solar Cells through the Lattice-Matching Chelation

Abstract

Fabricating compressive-strained perovskite films can boost the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, compositional engineering toward the conversion of surface tension strain to compressive strain rarely succeeds. Herein, we propose an effective lattice-matching chelation strategy to modulate the strain of the crystal lattice of perovskite films. Detailed investigations show that the organic salt of bidentate imidazole (MZ-1) can firmly anchor the perovskite lattice, resulting in compressive-strained perovskite films, leading to better energy alignment, improved charge carrier transport, decreased nonradiative recombination, and lower trap state density. PSC based on MZ-1 exhibits a dramatically improved efficiency of 24.61% along with improved long-term thermal stability. Importantly, a largearea (25 cm 2 ) integrated module achieves an efficiency of 20.53%.

Polydentate Ligand Reinforced Chelating to Stabilize Buried Interface toward High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Similar results were observed in the AFM images, and the perovskite film modified with BTP showed decreased roughness values and fewer grain boundaries (Figure 4c and d). The improved film surface morphology would provide better film quality and interfacial contact with the hole transport layer (HTL) [25,40,41] . The BTP buried interface modification resulted in an increased contact angle of perovskite films, which is attributed to enhanced crystallinity and enlarged grain size (Figure S7).…”

“…The improved film surface morphology would provide better film quality and interfacial contact with the hole transport layer (HTL). [25,40,41] The BTP buried interface modification resulted in an increased contact angle of perovskite films, which is attributed to enhanced crystallinity and enlarged grain size (Figure S7).…”

Passivating Defects via Retarding the Reaction Rate of FAI and PbI2 Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Certainly, the increase in carrier lifetime and the decrease in defect density are partly attributed to the slightly enlarged grain size and improved morphology . Several studies have indicated that compressive stress has a positive impact on the chemical stability of perovskite materials. − Therefore, to analyze the control and TTA-modified films, grazing incidence angle XRD (GIXRD) spectra are examined by varying the Ψ angle from 0 to 50°. In Figure d, the diffraction peak corresponding to the crystal (012) in the control perovskite film gradually shifts to a smaller angle, indicating an increase in lattice spacing ( d ) due to an external force.…”

Synergistic Defect Passivation and Crystallization Modulation in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells: The Case of Multifunctional 2-Anisidine-4-Sulfonic Acid

“…The trap-filled limited voltage ( V TFL ) derived from the dark I–V curves was determined to be 0.47 and 0.28 V for the control and 2A4SA-doped device, respectively. Based on the formula: N t = 2εε 0 V TFL / qL 2 , the correspondingly calculated N t for the 2A4SA-doped film is 5.4 × 10 15 cm –3 , which is clearly smaller than that of the pristine film (9.1 × 10 15 cm –3 , Table S3). To further probe the higher V oc obtained from the optimized device, a capacitance–voltage ( C – V ) assay was conducted to confirm the built-in potential ( V bi ) following the Mott–Schottky method (Figure d).…”